ORGANİK RANKİNE ÇEVRİMİNDE ÇOKLU AMAÇ FONKSİYONLARINA BAĞLI OLARAK OPTİMUM AKIŞKANIN FARKLI ISI KAYNAĞI SICAKLIKLARI İÇİN BELİRLENMESİ

Bu çalışmada, Organik Rankine Çevrimleri (ORÇ) düşük sıcaklık uygulamaları kapsamında baskılanamayan sıralamalı genetik algoritma-II (NSGA-II) kullanılarak optimum akışkan belirlenmiştir. Isı kaynağı sıcaklıkları 90, 100 ve 110 °C olarak alınmıştır. Akışkan optimizasyonu, 4 farklı kategoriden 8 akışkanın farklı kriterler altında performansları karşılaştırılarak yapılmıştır (kuru-R601 ve R601a, izentropik-R141b ve R123, ıslak-R152a ve R134a, yeni nesil-R1234yf ve R1234ze). Enerji, Ekserji, Ekonomi ve Çevre (4E) parametreleri altında amaç fonksiyonları oluşturulmuştur. ORÇ sistemlerinde her organik akışkanın belirli avantajları ve dezavantajları vardır. Organik akışkan seçimi ile ilgili çalışmaların sistem performans parametrelerinden tek bir amacını karşıladığı görülmektedir. Ancak ORÇ sistemlerinde ısıl verim açısından iyi performans gösteren akışkanın gerekli evaporatör kapasitesinden dolayı türbin güç performansının istenilen seviyede olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle farklı amaç fonksiyonları altında optimize edilerek kullanılabilecek organik akışkan yüzdesinin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada farklı amaç fonksiyonlarının birlikte değerlendirilmesiyle 90, 100 ve 110 °C ısı kaynağı sıcaklıkları altında çalışan ORÇ'ler için optimum akışkan tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Genetik Algoritma, Çok Amaçlı, Organik Rankine Çevrimi, Optimum Akışkan, Termodinamik Optimizasyon

DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM FLUID FOR DIFFERENT HEAT SOURCE TEMPERATURES BASED ON MULTI-OBJECTIVE FUNCTIONS IN THE ORGANIC RANKİNE CYCLE

In this study, the optimum fluid was determined by using Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) within the scope of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) low temperature applications. Heat source temperatures are taken as 90, 100 and 110 °C. Fluid optimization was performed by comparing the performance of 8 fluids from 4 different categories under different criteria (dry-R601 and R601a, isentropic-R141b and R123, wet-R152a and R134a, new generations-R1234yf and R1234ze). Objective functions have been established under the parameters of Energy, Exergy, Economy and Environment (4E). In ORC systems, every organic fluid has certain advantages and disadvantages. It is seen that the studies on organic fluid selection meet a single goal from the system performance parameters. However, it has been observed that the turbine power performance is not at the desired level due to the required evaporator capacity of the fluid, which performs well in terms of thermal efficiency in ORC systems. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the percentage of organic fluid that can be used by optimizing it under different objective functions. In this study, the optimum fluid was determined for ORCs operating under 90, 100 and 110 °C heat source temperatures by evaluating different objective functions together.

Keywords:

Genetic Algorithm, Multi-Objective, Organic Rankine Cycle, Optimum Fluid, Thermodynamic Optimization,

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