KENTİÇİ KARAYOLU AĞLARINDA IŞIK SÜRELERİ DİKKATE ALINARAK YEDEK KAPASİTENİN ENİYİLENMESİ

Kentlerdeki trafik sıkışıklığı ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel problemleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu problemlerin önüne geçmek isteyen yerel yönetimler, yol genişletmesi, şerit ilavesi ve kavşak yenileme çalışmaları gibi pahalı yatırımlar yaparak ulaşım talebini karşılamaya çalışmaktadır. Ancak bilindiği gibi kentiçi ulaşım ağlarında uygun ışık sürelerinin belirlenmesi ile yedek kapasite yaratılabilmektedir. Bu kapasitenin kullanılması neticesinde trafik sıkışıklığı ve beraberinde getirdiği olumsuz etkiler azaltılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada kentiçi ulaşım ağlarındaki yedek kapasitenin enbüyüklenmesi probleminin çözümü için iki seviyeli bir model geliştirilmiştir. Üst seviyede Başlangıç-Varış (B-V) seyahat matrisi çarpanı enbüyüklenirken, alt seviyede trafik ataması problemi çözülmektedir. Geliştirilen modelin Allsop & Charlesworth test ağına uygulanması neticesinde yol ağındaki bağların kapasiteleri aşılmadan B-V seyahat matrisinin yaklaşık %16 artırılabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Armoni Araştırması, Yedek Kapasite, Kentiçi Karayolu Ağları, Işıklı Kavşaklar, İki-Seviyeli Programlama

OPTIMIZATION OF RESERVE CAPACITY IN URBAN ROAD NETWORKS BASED ON TRAFFIC SIGNAL TIMINGS

Traffic congestion in cities brings economic, social and environmental problems. Local governments seeking to overcome these problems are trying to meet transportation demand by making expensive investments such as road extension, lane addition and intersection renewal. However, as is known, reserve capacity can be created by determining the appropriate signal timings in urban transportation networks. By using this capacity, traffic congestion and its negative effects can be reduced. In this study, a bi-level model is developed for solving the problem of the reserve capacity maximization in urban road networks. At the upper level, the Origin-Destination (O-D) demand multiplier is maximized and the traffic assignment problem is solved at the lower level. Applying the model to the Allsop & Charlesworth’s test network, it has been found that the O-D matrix can be increased by about 16% without exceeding the capacities of the links in the road network.

Keywords:

Reserve Capacity, Urban Road Networks, Signalized Intersections, Bi-level Programming, Harmony Search,

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