TERMOPLASTİK ESASLI MALZEMELERDE AKIŞKAN DESTEKLİ ÜRETİM YÖNTEMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ (GIT, WIT, PIT)

Son yıllarda, termoplastik parça üretiminde; parça kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi, çevrim süresinin azaltılması, tasarımda serbestlik ve malzeme birleşme çizgilerinin azaltılmasına olanak sağlayan akışkan destekli üretim yöntemleri, yenilikçi teknolojiler olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Akışkan destekli üretim teknolojisinin temeli olan Gaz Destekli Enjeksiyon Teknolojisinde (GIT), henüz katılaşmamış olan plastik parçaya basınçlı N2 (Azot) ve/veya CO2 gazı gönderilerek parça içinde kontrollü boşluk oluşması sağlanırken, daha düşük basınçlarda kalıplama ile plastik parçanın üretimi gerçekleştirilir. Su Destekli Enjeksiyon Teknolojisinde (WIT) henüz katılaşmamış plastik parça içerisine basınçlı gaz yerine su gönderilerek parçanın içerden de hızlı bir şekilde soğuması sağlanmaktadır. Kılavuz Destekli Enjeksiyon Teknolojisinde (PIT) ise dirsekli plastik boruların sorunsuz üretimi gerçekleştirilmektedir. Akışkan destekli üretim yöntemlerinin hammadde kullanımında %40 oranında tasarruf sağladığı ve çevrim süresini ise %50 oranında kısalttığı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, termoplastik parça üretiminde GIT, WIT ve PIT’in incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

INVESTIGATION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES OF FLUID-ASISTED INJECTION MOULDING IN THERMOPLASTIC BASED MATERIALS

In recent years, in the production of thermoplastic parts, are viewed as an innovative technology since it improves the quality of parts, reduces cycle time, creates freedom of design and decreases mould lines. During the Gas-Assisted Injection Moulding (GAIM) process, which is the basis of flued-assisted injection moulding technology pressurised N2 (Nitrogen) and/or CO2 gases are directed into the plastic fragment, which is not yet solidified and a controlled cavity is formed and a plastic fragment is produced with the moulding at lower pressures. Water-Assisted Injection Moulding (WIT), which pressurised water instead of gas into the plastic fragment, is provided cooling quickly the inside of the part. In the Projectile Injection Technology (PIT) also allows to produce smooth parts in the bent plastic pipes. Fluid-assisted Injection Moulding Techniques reduces the usage of material by 40% and the cycle time by 50%. In this study, GAIM, WIT, PIT in the production of thermoplastic parts are investigated.

___

  • 1.Hossesini, A, M., Chotenovsky, D., Farrel, K., Farrel, A, S., Sparrey, C, J. 2014. “The Effects of Gas Assisted Injection Molding on the Mechanical Properties of Medical Grade Thermoplastic Elastomers,” Polymer Testing, no. 38, p. 1-6.
  • 2.Jiang, S., Zheng, W., Zhang, J., Li, J. 2011. "Experimental Study on The Influence of Parameters on The Plastic Parts Quality of External Gas-Assisted Injection Molding,” Appl. Math. Inf. Sci., no. 3, p. 665-671.
  • 3. Li, C. T., Shin, J. W., Isayev, A. I. 2004. “Primary And Secondary Gas Penetration During Gas Assisted Injection Molding,” Polymer Engineering and Science, no. 44 (5), p. 992-1002.
  • 4. Postawa, P., Stachowiak, T., Jaruga, T. 2010. “Influence of The Processing Conditions on The Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Gas Assisted Injection Moulded Parts,” International Scientific Journal published monthly by the World Academy of Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, no. 44, p. 104-111.
  • 5. Plastics Technology. 2005. “Gas-Assisted Molding,” http://www.ptonline.com/articles/no-34---gas-assist-molding, son erişim tarihi: 16.04.2015.
  • 6. Hansen, M. 2005. “Gas-Assist Injection Molding: An Innovative Medical Technology,” MDDI 26, no. 8.
  • 7. Stachowiak, T., Jaruga, T. 2010. “Structure of Gas-Assisted Injection Moulded Parts,” Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, no. 38, p.139-145.
  • 8. Gas-Assisted Injection http://webhotel2.tut.fi/projects/caeds/tekstit/mould/, son erişim tarihi: 16.04.2015.
  • 9. Gas-Assisted Injection. Molding-Battenfeld. http://www.wittmann-group.com/injection-molding/process- technology/gas-and-water-injection-technology, son erişim tarihi: 16.04.2015.
  • 10. Nian, S-C., Li, M-H., Huang, M-S. 2015. “Warpage Control Of Headlight Lampshades Fabricated Using External Gas-Assisted İnjection Molding,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, no. 86, p. 358–368.
  • 11. Lin, Y. C., Chen, S. C. 2010. “Gas-Packing Effects In External Gas-Assisted Injection,” Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE), 10.1002/spepro.003012.
  • 12. Dreyer, J. L. 2013. “Bubble Connection in Gas Assisted Injection Moulding,” EUROTEC, p. 410-425.
  • 13. Marcilla, A., Odjo-Omoniyi, Ruiz-Feminia, R., Garcia-Quesada, J. C. 2006. “Simulation Of The Gas-Assisted Injection Molding Process Using A Mid-Plane Model Of A Contained-Channel Part,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, no. 178, p. 350–357.
  • 14. Zhou, H., Li, D. 2003. “Filling Simulation and Gas Penetration Modeling for Gas-Assisted Injection Molding,” Apply Mathematical Modelling, no. 27, p. 849-860.
  • 15. Liu, S-J., Lin, M-J., Wu, Y-C. 2007. “An Experimental Study of The Water-Assisted Injection Molding of Glass Fiber Filled Poly-Butylene-Terephthalate (PBT) Composites,” Composites Science and Technology, no. 67, p. 1415–1424.
  • 16. Liu, S-J., Chen, Y-S. 2003. “Water Asisted Injection Molding of Thermoplastic Materials: Effects of Processing Parameters,” Polymer Engineering and Science, vol. 43, no.11, p. 1806-1817.
  • 17. Kunststoffe International. Com. 2005. Gas-Assist and Blow Moulding Combined in an Injection Mould, http://www.kunststoffe.de/en/specialized-information/technology-report/artikel/gas-assist-and-blow moulding-combined-in-an-injection-mould-629536.html?search.highlight=gas assist blow, son erişim tarihi: 05.05.2015.
  • 18. Hopmann, C., Theunissen, M. 2013. “Prozesssicher mit Projectil,” Kunststoffe, no.12, p. 62-66.
  • 19. Lu, Y., Y, W., Zhang, K., Yang, M. 2010. “Stress Relaxation Behavior of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Articles Molded By Gas-Assisted Injection Molding,” Polymer Testing, no. 29, p. 866-871.
  • 20. Yam, R. C. M., Mak, D. M. T. 2014. “A Cleaner Production of Rice Husk-Blended Polypropylene Eco-Composite by Gas-Assisted Injection Moulding,” Journal of Cleaner Production, no.67, p. 277-284.