MUĞLA BÖLGESİ İÇİN AYLIK TOPLAM GÜNEŞ IŞINIM MİKTARININ HESAPLANMASI

Güneş ışınımı, yeryüzüne elektromanyetik dalgalar şeklinde gelir. Güneşten gelen enerji miktarının hesaplanması, fotovoltaik sistemlerin (PV) verimliliğinin belirlenmesi açısından çok önemlidir. Fotovoltaik sistemler (PV) güneş enerjisini elektrik enerjisine dönüştürür. Bu dönüşümde, gelen güneş ışığı miktarı matematiksel modellerle ile hesaplanabilir. Son yıllarda büyük bir ilgi gören ve 0.2-4.0 µm dalga boyunda aralığında gelen spektral ışınım değeri hava kütlesi parametresine bağlı olarak hesaplanır. Bu çalışmada SPCTRL 2 programı kullanılarak matematiksel modelleme tartışılacaktır. Model, atmosferdeki güneş ışığının miktarını belirlemede birçok değişkene sahiptir. Bu model ile herhangi bir yüzeye düşen güneş enerjisi miktarı hesaplanır ve grafiksel olarak modellenir. Çalışmamızda, Muğla ili için yatay ve eğimli yüzeylerinden gelen doğrudan, dolaylı ve toplam (küresel) güneş enerjisi miktarları dalga boyuna bağlı olarak hesaplanmıştır. Muğla ili için kış, ilkbahar, yaz ve sonbahar mevsimlerinde yatay ve 30° eğimli yüzeyler ayrı ayrı hesaplanmaktadır. Burada, yüzeydeki radyasyon miktarlarının eğim açısı ve mevsimsel değişimleri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Muğla ili için güneş ışığı miktarı matematiksel modelleme ile belirlenmiş ve uygun fotovoltaik sistemin kurulması için genel şartlar belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Güneş ışınımı, spectral dağılım, güneş enerjisi, referans modelleme

SEASONAL VARIATION of the SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE for the PROVINCE of MUĞLA

Calculation of the amount of energy from the sun as the energy source of the world is very important in terms of determining the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems. At air mass zero solar spectral irradiance values have received a great deal of attention in recent years and are given in the wavelength range 0.2-4.0 µm. The amount of incoming sunlight can be calculated with different mathematical models. In this study, a mathematical modelling using SPCTRL 2 program will be discussed. The model has many variables in determining the quantity of sunlight coming in the atmosphere. With this model, the amount of solar energy falling on any on spot on the Earth’s surface can be calculated and graphically modelled. In this study, direct, indirect and total (global) solar energy amounts coming from horizontal and sloping surfaces for Mugla were calculated depending on the wavelength. Horizontal and 30° inclined surfaces were calculated separately for winter, spring, summer and autumn seasons for Muğla Province. As a result, the amount of solar radiance for Muğla province was determined by mathematical modelling and the general conditions for the establishment of suitable photovoltaic system were determined.

Keywords:

Solar radiation, spectral distribution, solar energy, reference modelling,

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