BİTKİ LİFİ İLE GÜÇLENDİRİLMİŞ BİYOKOMPOZİTLER: ÖZELLİKLERİ VE UYGULAMALARI

Son yıllarda farklı endüstriyel uygulamalar için geleneksel polimer kompozitlerin yerine yenilenebilir kaynakların kullanımına olan ilgi artmaktadır. En az bir bileşen biyobazlı veya biyobozunur olan polimer kompozitlere biyokompozit adı verilmektedir. Son zamanlarda bitki liflerinin sahip oldukları mekanik, termal, optik ve biyobozunurluk gibi benzersiz özellikleri sebebiyle biyokompozit ürünlerdekullanılmaktadır. Bu malzemelere olan yüksek ilginin bir diğer nedeni ise ucuz ve düşük ortam etkisine sahip olmalarıdır. Bitki liflerinin bol miktarda bulunabilirliği ve erişilebilirliği ortaya çıkan yeni ilginin ana nedenleridir. Doğal kaynaklardan oluşan yüksek performanslı malzemeler sayesinde, malzeme bilimi alanındaki biyoteknolojide önemli kazanımlar dünya çapında artış göstermektedir. Bunlara ilaveten, dünyadaki çevre sorunlarına karşı artanfarkındalık, araştırmacıları ve üreticileri biyokompozit malzemeler alanında çaba göstermeye yöneltmektedir. Bu kapsamda farklı polimerlerle bitki liflerinin birlikte kullanıldığı mühendislik ve teknolojik uygulamalar için gerçekleştirilmiş birçok tasarım ve uyarlama çalışması bulunmaktadır. Doğal kaynağa dayalı yüksek performanslı malzemelerin bir sonucu olarak malzeme biliminde önemli başarımlar elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli bitki liflerinin biyokompozit malzeme üretmek için kullanımı, lif türlerinin mekanik özellikler üzerindeki etkileri ve üretim sürecinde biyokompozitlerin yapısı ile bitki lif takviyeli güçlendirilmiş kompozitlerin gelecek eğilimleri üzerine tartışılmaktadır.

PLANT FIBER REINFORCED BIOCOMPOSITE: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS

There is a growing trend in replacing conventional polymer composites by renewable materials for various industrial applications. Polymercomposites, in which at least one component is biobased or biodegradable, are called biocomposites. Plant fibers have recently been usedin biocomposite products due to their highly unique properties such as electrical, mechanical, thermal and optical properties, as well asbiodegradability. Another reason for the emerging interest in these biomaterials is the abundancy and low cost. In addition, the growingawareness of environmental issues around the world has led researchers and manufacturers to make efforts in the field of bio-compositematerials. In this context, many studies have been carried out to design and implement engineering and technological applications by utilizingplant fibers together with various polymers. As a result of natural bio-source driven high-performance materials, significant achievementshave been reported in material science. In this study, the use of various plant fibers to fabricate biocomposite materials, the effects of thetype of fibers on mechanical properties and the structure of biocomposites in the production process have been discussed along with futuretrends of plant fiber reinforced composites.

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