Mutfakta Pişir Mutfakta Ye: Çağdaş Dinler Tarihi Metodolojisinde Feminist Yaklaşım

Feminist yaklaşım, çağdaş Dinler Tarihi metodolojisi içinde özellikle bazı Bayan Dinler Tarihçilerin ayrı bir kategorik model olarak öne çıkardıkları çok yeni bir araştırma alanıdır. Bu yaklaşımın, seküler feminist hareketler, hıristiyan feminist teolojiler ve feminist antropolojiler gibi üç terminolojik ve kavramsal kaynağı bulunmakta olup, günümüzde disiplinin en etkili ve en eleştirel yaklaşımlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bu model, işlevsel açıdan başta dinlerdeki dişi tanrısal varlıklar olmak üzere kadın din kurucu ve liderleriyle, ruhban veya sıradan kadın dindarların tecrübelerini, onların rol ve statülerini baskın olarak araştırmak aynı zamanda geleneksel Dinler Tarihi metodolojisini sorgulayıp –gerektiği durumlarda- geçmişte ele alınan fenomenleri yeniden yapılandırmak istemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cinsiyet, Feminizm, Feminist Yaklaşım, Dinler Tarihi Metodolojisi.

Cook in the Kitchen and Eat in the Kitchen too: The Feminist Approach in the Contemporary Methodology of the History of Religions

The Feminist approach, one of the contemporary approaches of the History of Religions, has been a categorical model of some female historians of religions. In order to be fed, this model has three different sources, through which it gets generic conceptions; secular feminist movements, Christian feminist theologies and feminist anthropologies. This “new” approach gets the way of searching for the female divinities and the religious experience, roles, statues of female founders, priests or religious persons in their socio-cultural contexts. Lastly, this approach wishes to question, review and -at need- to reconstruct the conventional methodologies of the History of Religions and the phenomena taken up by them in the past.

Keywords:

Gender, Feminism, Feminist Approach, the Methodology of the History of Religions,

PDF

___

Adkins, Lisa, Diana Leonard, ìReconstructing French Feminism: Commodification, Materialism and Sexî, Sex in Question, ed. Diana Leonard- Lisa Adkins, London 1996, 1-23.
After Patriarchy: Feminist Transformations of the World Religions, ed. Paula M. Cooley, Wiliam R. Eakin, New York 1997.
Alıcı, Mustafa, ìDinler Tarihiínde «ağdaş Metodolojik Problemlerî, Dinler Tarihinde Metodoloji Problemleri Tartışmalı İlmÓ İhtisas Toplantısı (İstanbul 25-26 Haziran 2004), (Basılmamış Tebliğ Metni), 1-44.
_______, Uluslararası Dinler Tarihi Cemiyeti (IAHR)ínin Dinler Tarihi Metodolojisine Kurumsal Katkısı, Milel ve Nihal, 2 (1), 35-74.
Boyarin, Daniel, ìGenderî, Critical Terms for Religious Studies, ed. Mark C. Taylor, Chicago- London 1998, 117-135.
Carol, P. Christ, ìMircea Eliade and the Feminist Paradigm Shiftî, Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, 1991(5/1), 75-94.
Carr, Anne E., ìThe Scholarship of Gender: Womenís Studies and Religious Studiesî, Transforming Grace: Christian Tradition and Womenís Experience, San Francisco 1990, 63-94.
Conn, H. M., ìFeminist Theologyî, New Dictionary of Theology, ed. Sinclair B. Ferguson,- David F. Wright, Leicester ñ Illinois 1996, 255-258.
Constance H. Buchanan, ìWomenís Studiesî, Encyclopedia of Religion, ed Mircea Eliade, New York-London 1987, Vol. XV, 433-440.
Edith, Franke, ʺFeministische Kritik an Wissenschaft und Religion.ʺ Kritik an Religionen. Religionswissenschaft und der kritische Umgang mit Religionen, ed. Gritt Maria Klinkhammer- Steffen Rink - Tobias Frick, Marburg 1997, 107-119.
Delphy, Christine, ìRethinking Sex and Gender, Feminism in the Study of Religion, ed. Darlane M. Jushka, London - New York 2001, 11-23. Gender and Religion. On the Complexity of Symbols, ed. Caroline Walker Bynum, Paula Richman, Boston 1986.
Gross, Rita M., Feminism and Religion: An Introduction, New York 1996.
_______, ìMethodological Remarks on the Study of Women in Religion: Review, Critism and Redefinitionî, Women and Religion, ed. J. Plaskow- J. A. Romero, Missoula 1975, 153-165.
_______, ìStudying Women And Religion: Conclusions Twenty-Five Years Laterî Todayís Woman in World Religions, ed. Arwin Sharma, Albany 1987, 327-361.
_______, "Tribal Religions: Aboriginal Australia", Women in World Religions, ed. Arvind Sharma, Albany 1994, 39-44.
Hampson, Daphne, Theology and Feminism, Oxford 1990.
Hartmann, Heidi, ìThe Unhappy Marriage of Marxism and Feminism: Toward a More Progressive Union,î ed. Lydia Sargent, Women and Revolution: The Unhappy Marriage of Marxism and Feminism, Boston 1981, 210-230
Maynard, Mary: ìBeyond the ʹBig Threeʹ: The Development of Feminist Theory into the 1990sî, Feminism in the Study of Religion, ed. Darlene M. Jushka, London -New York 2001, 292-313.
_______, ìRace, ìGenderî, and the Concept of ʺDifferenceʺ inFeminist Thoughtʺ, Feminism in the Study of Religion, ed. Darlene M. Jushka, London -New York 2001, 434 ñ 451
Moore, Henrietta, Feminism and Anthropology, Cambridge 1988. Penolope Margaret Magee, ì Disputing the Sacred: Some Theoretical Approaches to Gender and Religionî, Religion and Gender, ed. Ursula King, Oxford 1995, 101-120.
Religious Imagination and the Body- A Feminist Analysis, ed. Paula M.Cooley, New York 1999.
Ruether, Rosamary Redford,ìFeminist Theologyî, A New Dictionary of Christian Theology, ed. Alan Richardson- John Bowden, Kent 1996, 210-212.
OíConnor, June,ìThe Epistemonological Significance of Feminist Research in Religionî, Religion and Gender, ed. Ursula King, Oxford 1995, 45-63.
_______, ìRereading, Reconceiving, and Reconstructing Traditions: Feminist Research in Religionî, Womenís Studies, 17 (1986), 101-123.
Serenity Young, Sacred Writings by and about Women- A Universal Anthology, London 1993.
Spender, Dale, ìThe Gatekeepers: a Feminist Critique of Academic Publishingî, Doing Feminist Research, ed. H. Roberts, London 1981, 186-202
Ursula King, ìA Question of Identity: Women Scholars and the Study of Religionî, Religion and Gender, ed. Ursula King, Oxford 1995,
_______, ìIntroduction: Gender and the Study of Religionî, Religion and Gender, ed. Ursula King, Oxford 1995, 1-38.
_______, ìIs there a Future for Religious Studies as We know it? Some Postmodern, Feminist, and Spiritual Challengesî, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, ( June 2002), vol. 70, No. 2, 365-388.
_______, ʺReligion and Genderî, Turning Points in Religious Studies. Essays in Honour of Geoffrey Parrinder, ed. Ursula King, Edinburgh 1990, 275-286.
Warne, Randi R., ìGenderî, Guide to The Study of Religion, ed. Willi Braun, Russell T. McCutcheon, London- New York 2000, 140-154.
White Erin, ì Religion and the Hermeneutics of Gender: An Examination of the Work of Paul Ricaoeurî, Religion and Gender, ed. Ursula King, Oxford 1995, 77-99.
Wittig, Monique, The Straight Mind and Other Essays, London 1992.
Women in the Worldís Religions, Past and Present, ed. Ursula King, New York 1987.
Young, Katherine K., ìHaving Your Cake and Eating It Too: Feminism and Religionî, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, sy. 67/1 (March 1999), 167-184.
_______, ìIntroductionî, Todayís Woman in World Religions, ed. Arwin Sharma, 1-37.