Topluluğa Bağlılık ve Topluluk Katılımının Turizmin Algılanan Sosyo-Kültürel Etkileri ve Turizme Yönelik Destek Üzerindeki Rolü: Mardin İli Örneği

Turizmin bir bölgede sürdürülebilir bir şekilde geliştirilebilmesi, ev sahi-bi toplumun turizmin etkilerine yönelik algılarına ve bu algılar doğrultusun-da turizme verdikleri desteğe bağlıdır. Yerel halkın topluluklarına bağlılık ve turizm planlama ve karar verme süreçlerine katılım düzeyleri gibi birtakım faktörler turizme yönelik algılar ve turizme verilen destek üzerinde oldukça belirleyicidir. Bu kapsamda, yerleşiklerin turizmin bölgedeki olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerine yönelik algıları, topluluklarına bağlılıkları ve turizm planlama ve karar süreçlerine katılım düzeyleri destinasyon planlama ve karar vericileri tarafından dikkatle değerlendirilmesi gereken kritik konular arasındadır. Tüm bu nedenlerden ötürü bu çalışma topluluğa bağlılık ve topluluk katılımının turizmin yerel halk tarafından algılanan sosyo-kültürel etkileri (sosyo-kültürel faydaları ve maliyetleri) ve turizme yönelik destek üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle Mardin yerel halkından 400 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yapısal eşitlik modelinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; topluluğa bağlılık ve topluluk katılımının turizmin algılanan sosyo-kültürel faydaları ve turizme verilen destek üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişkisi bulunmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra topluluğa bağlılığın algılanan sosyo-kültürel maliyetler üzerinde anlamlı ve negatif bir etkisi görülürken, toplululuk katılımının algılanan sosyo-kültürel maliyetler üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi görülmemiştir. Son olarak, algılanan sosyo-kültürel faydaların turizme verilen destek üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif, algılanan sosyo-kültürel maliyetlerin ise turizme verilen destek üzerinde anlamlı ve negatif etkisi olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

sosyo-kültürel fayda, sosyo-kültürel maliyet, topluluğa bağlılık, topluluk katılımı, turizm desteği

The Role of Community Attachment and Community Participation on the Perceived Socio-Cultural Effects of Tourism and Support for Tourism: The Case of Mardin Province

The sustainable development of tourism in a region depends on the per-ceptions of the society about the effects of tourism and the support they give to tourism in line with these perceptions. A number of factors, such as local people's community attachment and their level of participation in tourism planning and decision-making processes, are highly determinative on tourism perceptions and support for tourism. In this context, the perceptions of the locals about the positive and negative effects of tourism in the region, their community community attachment and their level of participation are among the critical issues that should be carefully evaluated by destination planning and decision makers. For all these reasons, this study aims to examine the impact of community attachment and community participation on tourism's perceived socio-cultural impacts (socia-cultural benefits and costs) and support for tourism by local people. In this context, 400 people from the local people of Mardin were reached by simple random sampling method. Structural equation model was used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research; community attachment and community participation have been found to have a significant and positive relationship on the perceived socio-cultural benefits of tourism and the support for tourism. In addition, community attachment has a significant and negative effect on perceived socio-cultural costs, while community participation has no effect on perceived socio-cultural costs. Finally, it was found that the perceived socio-cultural benefits had a significant and positive effect on the support for tourism, and the perceived socio-cultural costs had a significant and negative effect on the support for tourism.

Keywords:

socio-cultural benefits, social-cultural costs, community attachment, community participation, support for tourism,

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