Mehmet AKTEL, Uysal KERMAN, Yakup ALTAN, Ferit GÜVEN

Kameralizmi Anlama Çabası-An Effort To Understand Cameralism

Alman birliğinin yeniden sağlanması, toprağını terk edenlere ve fakirliğe karşı çözüm bulunması, iktidarın gücünün artırılması, devletin devamlılığının sağlanması ve iktidarın yönetsel ayrıcalıklarının korunması gibi genel amaçlar için sistemli ve gerekçeli bir akademik söyleme duyulan ihtiyaç, Alman topraklarında kameral bilimlerin doğmasına neden olmuştur. Kameral bilimin temel felsefesi, rejimin sürdürülebilirliğidir. Bu felsefenin temel araçları ise askeri güç, teknolojiye dayalı ekonomik gelişme ve iyi yetiştirilmiş insan gücüdür. Devlet, toplumun genel iyiliği için bireyleri sınırlandırma yetkisine sahiptir. Bu devlet biçiminin adı polis devletidir. Akademilerde geliştirilen kameralizm ve polis bilimi, sivil ve ekonomik fayda açısından ayrılmaz ikili olarak, genel fayda adına devletin toplumu kontrol altına alma aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Geniş bir etki alanı oluşturan kameralizm ile ilgili yabancı literatürde çok sayıda çalışma yapılmış olmakla birlikte, Türkçe literatürde yeterli düzeyde çalışmanın bulunmaması önemli bir eksikliktir. Çalışma bu yönüyle, akademik alan için bir referans niteliği taşımaktadır. Mevcut literatür üzerinden tarihsel boyutuyla incelenen kameralizm, çalışmada betimleyici bir tarzda ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kameralizm, Merkantilizm, Polis bilimi, Kamu yönetimi, Yönetim bilimi

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