Kenevir Liflerinin Eldesi, Karakteristik Özellikleri ve Tekstil Endüstrisindeki Uygulamaları

Kenevir, yenilenebilir ve sürdürülebilir karakterde ve çok amaçlı bir ürün olması sebebiyle bilimsel, sektörel ve ekonomik yönlerden günden güne önem kazanan bir malzeme olmaktadır. Esasında kenevir bitkisi insanlık tarihi boyunca kullanılmış en eski lif bitkilerinden birisidir. Buna karşın kenevir üretimi, esrar eldesinde kullanılabilmesi ve zamanla sentetik liflerin yaygınlaşması sebebiyle küresel anlamda gerilemiş ve ülkemizde ise bitme noktasına gelmiştir. Tekstil, ilaç, kâğıt, biyoyakıt, kozmetik ve otomotiv gibi birçok farklı sektörde oldukça geniş bir kullanım alanı olan kenevir, petrol ve petrokimyanın kullanıldığı her alanda alternatif olan, üstün özelliklere sahip bir bitkidir. Ayrıca kenevirin, ekolojik özellikleri sebebiyle de sürdürülebilirliğe fayda sağlaması beklenmektedir. Türkiye’deki iklim şartları kenevir yetiştirmeye elverişli olduğu için yapılacak yatırımların geri dönüşünün hızlı bir şekilde gerçekleşmesi ön görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada kenevirle ilgili güncel çalışmalar araştırılmış ve öne çıkan yanları değerlendirilerek çevresel ve ekonomik anlamda ülkemiz ve dünya geleceği açısından katkılarından bahsedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cannabis sativa, ekolojik tekstiller, gövde lifleri, kenevir, sürdürülebilirlik

Production, Characteristics and Applications of Hemp Fibres in Textile Industry

Hemp is a material that gains importance day by day in scientific, sectoral and economic aspects because of its renewable, sustainable and multi-purpose character. In fact, hemp is one of the oldest fibre plants used throughout human history. In spite of that, hemp cultivation has declined globally and it has reached its end-point in our country due to its use in marijuana production and the spread of synthetic fibres over time. Hemp, which is widely used in many different sectors such as textile, pharmaceutical, paper, biofuel, cosmetics and automotive, is an alternative plant with superior properties. Besides, hemp is expected to benefit sustainability because of its ecological characteristics. It is estimated that, rapid realization of return on investment to be made because climatic conditions in Turkey are suitable for growing hemp. In this study, the current studies on hemp have been researched and their prominent aspects have been evaluated and their contribution to the future of our country and the world has been mentioned.

Keywords:

Cannabis sativa, ecological textiles, bast fibres, hemp, sustainability,

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