The effect of acceptance of illness on the comfort level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

This study was carried out to determine the effect of acceptance of illness on the comfort level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study between August 2017 and July 2018. The research population consisted of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in the endocrine and diabetes outpatient clinic of a hospital located in the east of Turkey. The study was completed with 561 patients. A Patient Questionnaire Form, the Acceptance of Illness Scale, and the General Comfort Questionnaire were used to collect data. Educational status, income status, profession, people with whom the patient lived together, frequency of follow-up, treatment method, and chronic complications were found to be important predictors related to acceptance of illness and general comfort levels of individuals with diabetes in the study. A positive and weak relationship was detected between the Acceptance of Illness Scale and the mean scores of the General Comfort Questionnaire and its sub-dimensions. There was a positive correlation between the comfort level and the acceptance of illness. As the level of acceptance increased, comfort was found to increase. In line with the results of the study, it is recommended to facilitate acceptance of illness, investigate the methods to improve adaptation, and plan interventions.

PDF

___

1. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas [Internet]. 2017 [Access date: April 5, 2018]. https://www.diabetesatlas.org/upload/ resources/ previous/files/8/ IDF_DA_8e-EN-final.pdf
2. Atkinson MA, Eisenbarth GS, Michels AW. Type 1 diabetes. Lancet. 2014;383:69–82.
3. Barakat N, Bradley AP, Barakat MNH. Intelligible support vector machines for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 2010;14:1114–20.
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States [Internet]. 2017 [Access date: January 22, 2018]. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/ data/statistics/national-diabetes-statistics-report.pdf
5. Basinska MA, Andruszkiewicz A. Health locus of cont rol in patients with graves-basedow disease and hashimoto disease and their acceptance of illness. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2012;10:537.
6. Szyguła-Jurkiewicz B, Zakliczyński M, Ploch M, et al. Depression is the strongest predictor of long-term outcome in patients with chronic nonischemic heart failure. Kardiochirurgia i torakochirurgia Pol Polish J cardio-thoracic Surg. 2014;11:102.
7. Kurpas D, Mroczek B, Knap-Czechowska H, et al. Quality of life and acceptance of illness among patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2013;187:114–7.
8. Gregg JA, Callaghan GM, Hayes SC, et al. Improving diabetes selfmanagement through acceptance, mindfulness, and values: A randomized controlled trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007;75:336.
9. Harrison T, Stuifbergen A, Adachi E, et al. Marriage, impairment, and acceptance in persons with multiple sclerosis. West J Nurs Res. 2004;26:266–85.
10. Boren SA, Fitzner KA, Panhalkar PS, et al. Costs and benefits associated with diabetes education a review of the literature. Diabetes Educ. 2009;35:72–96.
11. Dunphy LM, Winland-Brown J, Porter B, et al. Primary care: Art and science of advanced practice nursing. Philadelphia: FA Davis; 2015.
12. Hamilton J. Comfort and the hospitalized chronically ill. J Gerontol Nurs. 1989;15:28–33.
13. Pouwer F, Beekman ATF, Lubach C, et al. Nurses’ recognition and registration of depression, anxiety and diabetes-specific emotional problems in outpatients with diabetes mellitus. Patient Educ Couns. 2006;60:235–40.
14. Felton BJ, Revenson TA. Coping with chronic illness: A study of illness controllability and the influence of coping strategies on psychological adjustment. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1984;52:343–53.
15. Besen DB, Esen A. The adaptation of the acceptance of illness scale to the diabetic patients in Turkish society. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2011;10:155–64.
16. Kolcaba KY. Holistic comfort: Operationalizing the construct as a nursesensitive outcome. Adv Nurs Sci. 1992;15:1–10.
17. Kuguoglu S, Karabacak U. Turkish Version of the general comfort questionaire. Florence Nightingale J Nurs. 2008;61:16–23.
18. Richardson A, Adner N, Nordström G. Persons with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus: Acceptance and coping ability. J Adv Nurs. 2001;33:758– 63.
19. Sabone MB. The illness demands of diabetes on couples in Botswana. J Fam Nurs. 2008;14:363–82.
20. McCracken LM. Social context and acceptance of chronic pain: The role of solicitous and punishing responses. Pain. 2005;113:155–9.
21. Allard P. Interventions identified as useful for therapists working with families managing adult onset type II diabetes [PhD thesis]. Denton, Texas: Texas Woman’s University; 2008.
22. Pınar G, Dogan N, Algier L, et al. Factors that affecting mothers’ postnatal comfort. Dicle Med J. 2009;36:184.
23. Xiaoqin Q. A survey and analysis of comfort status quo of young patients with acute coronary syndrome within 72 hours after hospitalization. Chinese Nurs Res. 2009;21.
24. Ahuvia A. If money doesn’t make us happy, why do we act as if it does? J Econ Psychol. 2008;29:491–507.
25. Wilson L, Kolcaba K. Practical application of comfort theory in the perianesthesia setting. J PeriAnesthesia Nurs. 2004;19:164–73.
26. Borzou SR, Anosheh M, Mohammadi E, et al. Patients’ perception of comfort facilitators during hemodialysis procedure: A qualitative study. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014;16.
27. Beatty JE. Career barriers experienced by people with chronic illness: A US study. Empl Responsib Rights J. 2012;24:91–110.
28. Irizarry T, Shoemake J, Nilsen ML, et al. Patient portals as a tool for health care engagement: A mixed-method study of older adults with varying levels of health literacy and prior patient portal use. J Med Internet Res. 2017;19.
29. Tang JW, Freed B, Baker T, et al. Internal medicine residents’ comfort with and frequency of providing dietary counseling to diabetic patients. J Gen Intern Med. 2009;24:1140.
30. Carpenter MW. Gestational diabetes, pregnancy hypertension, and vascular disease. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(Supplement 2):246–50.