The factors affecting the quality of life among women during the postpartum period
The factors affecting the quality of life among women during the postpartum period
Objective: As healthcare has become increasingly patient-centered, outcomes such as disease-specific quality of life (QoL) have become increasingly important. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the QoL of postpartum women and which factors make a difference and affect the QoL. Patients and Methods: A total of 175 postpartum mothers participated in this study. The Euro QoL 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ 5D-5L) scale was used to measure the health-related QoL of postpartum women. Results: The QoL of women differed in age, delivery type, venous thromboembolism risk factors, parity, gravida, number of live births, and use of anticoagulant medication. According to multiple regression analyses, the “age” variable had a significant effect on the QoL. However, the variables of education, social security, employment status, and monthly income of the family were not significant determinants of QoL. Also, the “number of live births” variable did not significantly affect the QoL, other obstetric and clinical variables had a significant effect on the QoL. The gravida increased the QoL but the number of miscarriages and the venous thromboembolism risk score decreased the QoL. Conclusions: This study shows that, the QoL of women varies according to obstetric, socio-demographic, and clinical factors, and “age, gravida, the number of abortions and the venous thromboembolism risk score” variables have a significant effect on the QoL.
___
- [1] Van der Woude DA, Pijnenborg JM, de Vries J. Health status
and quality of life in postpartum women: a systematic review
of associated factors. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015;
185:45-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.11.041
- [2] The World Counts. How many babies are born each day?
Available at: https://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/howmany-
babies-are-born-each-day Accessed on 04 October
2021.
- [3] Güneri SE. Evidence based practices in early postpartum
period. Gumushane Univ J Health Sci 2015; 4:482-6.
- [4] Çevik A, Alan S. Traditional practices applied in Pospartum
Periodr Mersin University School of Medicine Lokman Hekim
Journal of History of Medicine and Folk Medicine 2020; 10:14-
2. doi: 10.31020/mutftd.624508.
- [5] World Health Organization. Postpartum care of the mother
and newborn: a practical guide: report of a technical
working group (No. WHO/RHT/MSM/98.3). World Health
Organization; 1998.
- [6] Cheng CY, Li, Q. Integrative review of research on general
health status and prevalence of common physical health
conditions of women after childbirth. Womens Health Issues
2008; 18:267-80. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2008.02.004.
- [7] Boybay Koyuncu S, Duman, M. Body dissatisfaction of women
during postpartum period and copin strategies. Women &
Health 2022; 62: 46-54. Doi:10.1080/03630.242.2021.2014019.
- [8] Zainur RZ, Loh KY. Postpartum morbidity-what we can do.
Med J Malaysia 2006; 61: 651-57.
- [9] Hammoudeh W, Mataria A, Wick, L, et al. In search of health:
quality of life among postpartum Palestinian women. Expert
Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2009; 9: 123-32.
- [10] Van Beukering MDM. Work during pregnancy and
postpartum period:research on sick leave. TBV 2002; 10: 2-7.
- [11] Nikpour M, Abedian Z, Mokhber N, et al. Comparison of
quality of life in women after vaginal delivery and cesarean
section. J Babol Univ Medical Sci 2011; 13: 44-50.
- [12] World Health Organization. Reshaping health systems towards
health outcomes: report on a WHO meeting, Celle, Germany
17-19 December 1997 (No. EUR/ICP/POLC 02 02 04 (A)).
Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 1999.
- [13] The World Development Report. World development report
1993-Investing in Health. Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly
1993; 3 (30):137. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7693199/.
Accessed 26 September 2021.
- [14] Higginson IJ, Carr AJ. Using quality of life measures in the
clinical setting. BMJ 2001; 322: 1297-300. doi: 10.1136/
bmj.322.7297.1297.
- [15] The EuroQOL Group. EUROQOL instruments. Available
at: https://euroqol.org/eq-5d-instruments/eq-5d-5l-about/
Accessed 26 April 2022.
- [16] van Reenen M, Janssen B. EQ-5D-5L user guide: basic
information on how to use the EQ-5D-5L instrument. Version
2.1. EuroQol Research Foundation; 2015.
- [17] Huang W, Yang J, Liu Y, et al. Assessing health-related quality
of life of patients with colorectal cancer using EQ-5D-5L: a
cross-sectional study in Heilongjiang of China. BMJ Open
2018; 8: e022711.
- [18] Poder TG, Wang L, Carrier N. EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv2 utility
scores in people living with chronic low back pain: a survey
from Quebec. BMJ Open 2020; 10: e035722.
- [19] Poder TG, Carrier N. Predicting EQ-5D-5L utility scores from
the Oswestry Disability Index and Roland-Morris Disability
Questionnaire for low back pain. J Pain Res 2020; 13: 623.
- [20] Pérez-Maná L, Cardona G, Pardo-Cladellas Y, et al. Validation
of the spanish version of the low vision quality of life
questionnaire. J Optom 2021:1-11.
- [21] Akarsu G, Bayrakdar A, Karaman M, Zorba E, Yaman M,
Yıldırım Y. HEALTH status of women exercising regularly
according to EQ-5D-5L. Journal of Sport for All and
Recreation 2019; 1: 11-9.
- [22] Özyılmaz E, Kuşçu ÖÖ, Karakoç E, et al. Worse pre-admission
quality of life is a strong predictor of mortality in critically ill
patients. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2022; 68:19-9.
- [23] Saygılı, M. An evaluation of three different palliative care
service models in terms of patients with cancer diagnosis-their
family caregivers and cost-effectiveness analysis, PhD Thesis,
Hacettepe University Institute of Social Sciences, Department
of Health Management, Ankara; 2016.
- [24] Tugay Yangı, D. Evaluation of cost effectiveness of standard
combined therapy and supplemental combined treatment
use of omalizumab in asthmatic patients adults in four
different hospitals in Ankara. PhD Thesis, Hacettepe
University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Health
Management, Ankara; 2022.
- [25] Akın B, Ege E, Koçoglu D, Demirören N, Yılmaz S. Quality of
life and related factors in women, aged 15–49 in the 12‐month
post‐partum period in Turkey. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2009;
35: 86-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008.00870.x.
- [26] Prick BW, Bijlenga D, Jansen AG, et al. Determinants of healthrelated
quality of life in the postpartum period after obstetric
complications. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 185:
88-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.11.038.
- [27] Mousavi, SA, Mortazavi F, Chaman, R, et al. Quality of life
after cesarean and vaginal delivery. Oman Med J 2013; 28: 245.
doi: 10.5001/omj.2013.70.
- [28] Symon A. A review of mothers’ prenatal and postnatal
quality of life. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2003; 1: 1-8. doi:
10.1186/1477-7525-1-38.
- [29] Villar J, Carroli G, Zavaleta N, et al. Maternal and neonatal
individual risks and benefits associated with caesarean
delivery: multicentre prospective study. BMJ 2007; 335: 1025.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.39363.706956.55.
- [30] Torkan B, Parsay S, Lamyian M, et al. Postnatal quality of
life in women after normal vaginal delivery and caesareansection.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2009; 9: 1-7. doi:
10.1186/1471-2393-9-4.
- [31] Abedian Z, Nikpour M, Mokhber N, et al. Evaluation of
relationship between delivery mode and postpartum quality
of life. Iranian J Obstet Gynecol Infertility 2010; 13: 47-3.
- [32] Park S, Choi NK. The relationships between timing of first
childbirth, parity, and health-related quality of life. Qual Life
Res 2018; 27: 937-3. doi: 10.1007/s11136.017.1770-7.
- [33] Li WY, Liabsuetrakul T, Stray-Pedersen, B, et al. The effects of
mode of delivery and time since birth on chronic pelvic pain
and health-related quality of life. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2014;
124: 139-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.07.029.
- [34] Carlander AKK, Andolf E, Edman G, et al. Health-related
quality of life five years after birth of the first child. Sex Reprod
Health 2015; 6: 101-7. doi: 10.1016/j.srhc.2015.01.005.
- [35] Dehcheshmeh FS, Salehian T, Parvin N. The effect of spouses’
educational classes held for primiparous women referring to
Hajar hospital on their quality of life and pregnancy outcomes.
Iran Nurs Midwifery Res 2014; 19: S59-S3.
- [36] Fatemeh A, Azam B, Nahid M. Quality of life in pregnant
women results of a study from Kashan, Iran. Pak J Med Sci
2010; 26 :692-7.
- [37] Pawluski JL, Galea LAM. Reproductive experience alters
hippocampal neurogenesis during the postpartum period
in the dam. Neuroscience 2007; 149: 53-7. doi: 10.1016/j.
neuroscience.2007.07.031.
- [38] Şanlı Y, Öncel S. Evaluation of the functional status of woman
after childbirth and effective factors. J Turk Soc Obstet
Gynecol 2014; 2:105-14.
- [39] Blondon M. Thromboprophylaxis after cesarean section:
decision analysis. Thromb Res 2011; 127: S9-S2. doi: 10.1016/
S0049-3848(11)70004-4.
- [40] Bain E, Wilson A, Tooher R et al. Prophylaxis for venous
thromboembolic disease in pregnancy and the early postnatal
period. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2: 1-75. doi:
10.1002/14651858.CD001689.pub3.
- [41] Péret FJA, de Paula LB. VTE prophylaxis in cesarean section.
Current Topics in Caesarean Section, IntechOpen; 2021, 55.
- [42] De Oliveira MF, Parker L, Ahn H, et al. Maternal predictors
for quality of life during the postpartum in Brazilian mothers.
Health 2015; 7: 371. doi: 10.4236/health.2015.73042.
- [43] Calou CGP, de Oliveira MF, Carvalho FHC, et al. Maternal
predictors related to quality of life in pregnant women in the
Northeast of Brazil. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2018; 16:
1-10. doi: 10.1186/s12955.018.0917-8.
- [44] Da Costa, D, Dritsa M, Rippen, N, et al. Health-related quality
of life in postpartum depressed women. Arch Womens Ment
Health 2006; 9: 95-2 doi: 10.1007/s00737.005.0108-6.
- [45] Küçükkaya B, Dindar İ, Erçel Ö, et al. Anxieties of pregnant
women related to delivery and postpartum period during
gestational periods. JAREN 2018; 4: 28-6. doi: 10.5222/
jaren.2018.028.
- [46] Erickson RM, Feehan M, Munger MA, et al. Understanding
factors associated with quality of life in patients with venous
thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2019; 119: 1869-6.