THE SEARCH OF “SUBJECT CAUSE” FROM THE ASPECT OF CAUSE AND EFFECT IN IBN SINA’S PHILOSOPHY

Öz According to Aristotales physics which is also accepted by Islamic philosophers, material, formal, final and effective reasons are necessary for a thing to come into existence. While the first two which are basic factors forming the body are interior to the physics science, the other two together with extrinsic to the body are metaphysical reasons which cause the body to form. Avicenna, who accepted affective reason as the most basic reason asserting that the structure of the body is determinated by effective reason, defended that the nature is envisaged by God and so causality is an envisaged causality. I’m of the opinion that such an approach which is undervalued in the history of thought will add a different aspect to the causality discussions.