GÜNÜBİRLİK REHBERLİ TURLARA KATILAN İRANLI TURİSTLER ÜZERİNE KATILIMLI GÖZLEMLER: KUŞADASI (TÜRKİYE) ÖRNEĞİ

Bu araştırma, Kuşadası’nı ziyaret eden İranlı turistlerin rehberli turlarda sergiledikleri turist davranışlarını (pazarlık, etkileşim, alışveriş vb.) ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Öncelikle, Pizam ve Sussmann (1995) tarafından geliştirilen “20 tipik turist davranışı” ölçeğinden yararlanılmış, sonrasında turizm sektörü çalışanları ile yapılan fikir alışverişleri neticesinde bu ölçeğe 16 ifade daha ilave edilerek bir katılımlı gözlem formu oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra, araştırmacılardan biri, Kuşadası’nda farklı zamanlarda İranlı turistlere yönelik gerçekleştirilen rehberli turlara katılarak onların davranışlarını gözlemlemiştir. Beş günübirlik tur boyunca toplamda 174 İranlı turist (71 erkek, 73 kadın ve 30 çocuk) gözlemlenmiştir. Katılımlı gözlemler esnasında turist gruplarını rahatsız etmemek adına aynı zamanda profesyonel turist rehberi olan araştırmacı, turlar boyunca turist rehberi çalışma kartını boynuna asmıştır. Bu yaklaşımla araştırmacı, İranlı turistler tarafından seyahat acentası çalışanı olarak algılanmasını amaçlamıştır. Bu araştırmada, İranlıların diğer turistlerle, satış personeli/ seyyar satıcılarla etkileşime girme ve yöresel ürün satın alma eğilimlerinin düşük düzeyde olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra, tur rehberi bahşiş kutusuna dikkat çekmedikçe İranlı turistlerden bahşiş veren olmamıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, alışveriş odaklı turlarda İranlı turistler, düşük düzeyde yeme içme eğilimi sergilemiştir. Günübirlik turlar boyunca zaman zaman gecikmeler yaşanmıştır. Dolayısıyla, dakikliğin İranlı turistlerin öncelikleri arasında yer almadığı söylenebilir. Diğer yandan İranlı turistlerin, alışveriş merkezinde kıyafet satın alma eğilimlerinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, alışveriş turları boyunca İranlı turistler tarafından en fazla tercih edilen giyim markaları sırasıyla LCW, Zara ve Koton olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, bazı turistler, ören yeri ziyaretleri esnasında çekilen hatıra fotoğraflarından satın almışlardır. Alışveriş merkezinde pazarlığa yönelen İranlı ziyaretçi olmamasına rağmen Efes’teki seyyar satıcılarla ve deri mağazasında görevli tezgâhtarlarla pazarlık eden ziyaretçiler olmuştur.

PARTICIPANT OBSERVATIONS ON IRANIAN TOURISTS TAKING PART IN GUIDED EXCURSIONS, THE CASE OF KUSADASI, TURKEY 1

The current study aims to investigate the tourist behaviors (bargaining, interacting, shopping and etc.) of Iranians on guided excursions visiting Kusadasi. Firstly, the “twenty typical tourist behavior” scale, developed by Pizam and Sussmann (1995) was utilized, and then a participant observation form was created by adding 16 more items to the scale as a result of acquiring the opinions of some industry professionals. Thereafter, one of the researchers started observing Iranian tourists’ behaviors by joining in guided excursions for Iranian tourists at different occasions in Kusadasi. During those five daily excursions, 174 Iranians were observed in total. In order not to disturb the tourist groups during the participant observations, the researcher, also being a professional tour guide, hung his tour guide ID around his neck during the excursions. With this approach, the researcher aimed to being perceived as an employee of the travel agent by the Iranian tourists. At this research, it was revealed that Iranians showed a low tendency to interact with other tourists, salespeople/ vendors and to buy local products. In addition to this, there were no Iranians leaving any tips unless the tour guides took their attention to the tip box. Besides this, they showed a low tendency to eat or drink during shopping oriented tours. Some delays were also detected during those daily excursions. Thus, it is possible to state that punctuality is not ranked among their priorities. On the other hand, it was revealed that Iranian tourists showed a high tendency to buy clothes in at the shopping malls. According to the findings, LCW, Zara and Koton were, respectively, the clothing brands most preferred by Iranians during the shopping tours. In addition, some of them bought souvenir photographs taken during the site visits. Although there were no Iranian visitors attempting to bargain at the shopping malls, some of them bargained with the vendors at Ephesus, and sales clerks at the leather shop.

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