Karaciğer nakli olan hastaların sosyal destek ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesi

Amaç: Nakillerde yaşanan bedensel, ruhsal sorunların bireyin biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal yaşamı üzerinde olumsuz etkileri vardır. Bu sıkıntılar nakil hastalarını çoğu zaman umutsuzluğa itmektedir. Bu araştırma, karaciğer nakli olan hastalarda sosyal destek ve umutsuzluk düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metotlar: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan bu araştırma iki farklı Üniversite Hastanesi Organ Nakli Servislerinde Ocak 2020-Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evreni bu merkezlerde karaciğer nakli olan tüm hastalardır. Araştırmanın örneklemi yapılan güç analizi sonucunda 165 hasta olarak belirlenmiştir. Veriler, karaciğer nakli yapılmış hastalarla yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ), Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ), kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hastaların çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek puan ortalamaları 62,79±17,39 olarak bulunmuştur, bu orta değerin üstünde bir sosyal destek puanıdır. Umutsuzluk puan ortalamaları 8,53±3,42 bulunmuştur bu orta düzeyde bir umut puanıdır. Sosyal destek ile umutsuzluk arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (r=-0,437 p=0,001). Sonuç: Hastaların sosyal destek puanları arttıkça umutsuzluk düzeylerinin azaldığı bulundu. Nakil hastalarının aldıkları sosyal destekleri arttırılarak umutsuzluk düzeylerinin azaltılması sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hemşirelik, karaciğer nakli, sosyal destek, umutsuzluk

Determination of social support and hopefulness levels of liver transplant patients

Aim: Physical and mental problems experienced in transplantations have negative effects on an individual's biological, psychological and social life. These transplantations often push transplant patients into hopefulness. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the association between levels of social support and hopefulness in patients with liver transplants. Material and Methods: This descriptive-type research was conducted at two different University Hospitals' Organ Transplant Services between January 2020-June 2021. The overall population of the research is all liver transplant patients of these centers. The sampling quantity for the research was identified as 165 patients as a result of a power analysis. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews with patients who had undergone liver transplants. The research data were collected using the Personal information form, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSS), and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Results: The multidimensional perceived social support scale score averages of patients participating in the study were found to be 62.79±17.39, which is a social support scale score above medium value. The hopefulness average was found as 8.53±3.42. This is a moderate level of hopelessness score. It was determined that there is a significant negative correlation between social support and hopefulness (r=-0.437 p=0.001). Conclusion: Patients' levels of hopefulness were found to decrease as their social support scores increased. Reducing levels of hopefulness can be achieved by increasing the social support that transplant patients receive.

Keywords:

Hopefulness, liver transplant, nursing, social support,

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