Up to the present, comparatively very little work on prehistory has been undertaken in Turkey. In the neighbouring countries of Turkey, such as Syrian, Lebanon and Israelis, much work has been done and large number of remains of obsidian and flint artifacts, made for the purposes of cutting and breaking into pieces, of the Neolithic period have been found. Assuming that the similar objects may also be found in Turkey, the formulation of a comprehensive research in this country has been undertaken. As a start, research work has been carried out at the mediterranean coasts of Turkey ; this work will also, be extended to the southeastern Anatolia in due course. In the mediterranean region of Turkey, the research work has particularly conducted in three main areas. The first area that has been chosen as a case study lies between the River Alara and the River Karpuz and situated near to the coast. The next area that has been studied includes the terraces and alluvial fan area of the River Burhan, northwest of Antalya. In these areas very little evidence of flint artifacts have been found. The third area that has been selected for a study comprises the surroundings of Kocapınar village, which is situated to the north of town of Elmalı. It is in this area that large quantities of sileks nodules and flint tools have been found. The preliminary examination of this findings imply that the tools are of Late or Middle Neolithic period.