Gelişmekte Olan Bir Ülkedeki Bir Şehrin Kent Morfolojisi ve Fractal Analizi: Örnek Alan Çalışması Olarak İstanbul

Şehirler sosyal, ekonomik ve teknolojik faktörlerin ve fiziki çevre şartlarının sonucunda ortaya çıkan karmaşık oluşumlardır. Şehirlerin gelişimlerini etkileyen unsurları anlamak onların sadece tarihteki değil gelecekteki gelişmelerini de anlamaya yardımcı olabilir. Fraktal analiz, şehir morfolojisi ve yapısının incelenmesinde yeni bir teknik olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada Fraktal analiz orta düzeyde gelir seviyesine sahip gelişmekte olan bir ülkedeki bir şehre örnek olarak İstanbul üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada fraktal analiz sonucunda ortaya çıktığı üzere, İstanbul’un şehir yapısı Avrupa ve ABD’nin New York ve London gibi büyük şehirlerindeki yapı ile benzer özellikler taşımaktadır. Bununla birlikte, İstanbul’da görülen gelişme yoğunluğu, gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki diğer kentsel alanların bir göstergesi olabilecek şekilde, gelişmiş bölgelerdeki benzer şehirlerden daha fazladır. Fraktal dokusunun ölçümüne dayalı (laucunarity ölçümü) yapılan ayrıntılı analizlerin şehir yapısının incelenmesinde daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmektedir. Sonuçta, politik, kültürel yada ekonomik farklılıklara rağmen teknolojinin küreselleşmesi nedeniyle şehir dokularında giderek artan bir şekilde benzerlikler ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fraktal Analiz, Kent Morfolojisi, Alan Analizi, Şehir Planlama, İstanbul

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Keywords:

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