Otonom (Sürücüsüz) Araçlar Ve Avrupa Parlamentosu’nun Yasa Tasarısının Analizi̇
Teknolojik gelişmeler bizlere günlük hayatlarımızı birçok yönden geliştirme fırsatları sunuyor. Otonom nesneler yakın geleceğimizin çok önemli bir parçası olacaklar ve bu yeni teknolojinin gündelik hayata en önemli etkilerinden biri de yakında yollarda görmeyi beklediğimiz otonom (sürücüsüz) araçlar olacaktır. Bu teknoloji sayesinde dünya çapında trafik kazalarına bağlı yaşanan ölüm ve yaralanmalar çok ciddi oranda azalacağı gibi, aynı zamanda insanlara trafikte kaybedilen zamanını değerlendirme şansını sunulacaktır. Ancak, bu teknolojinin kullanımı, yasal olarak birçok zorluğu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Günümüzde mevcut yasal normlar tam otonom nesnelerin neden oldukları uyuşmazlıkların çözümü için yeterli değildir. Böylesine önemli teknolojik gelişmelerin toplumun yararına olması ve kullanımlarının insanlara zarar verici mahiyette olmaması adına, kişilik hakları, yasal sorumluluk, siber güvenlik ve kişisel verilerin korunması alanlarında yasal düzenlemelerin yapılması zorunludur. Avrupa Parlamentosu tarafından kabul edilen “Robotlar İçin Medeni Hukuk Kuralları” yasa tasarısında, otonom robotların yasalaştırılması hususu ve özellikle robotların kişilik statüsü ve otonom davranışlarından kaynaklanacak zararlardan doğacak hukuki sorumluluk konularında önemli prensipler belirlendi. Parlamento’nun dünya çapında yankı uyandıran bu tasarısı yasalaşacak olursa, tüm dünyaya emsal teşkil edecek niteliktedir.
AUTONOMOUS (DRIVERLESS) CARS AND AN ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
The developments of moderntechnology offer new ways to improveour daily lives. Autonomous agentswill be an important part of our futureand autonomous (driverless) cars arescheduled to be on the public roads soon.This technology will help reduce themassive traffic casualties world-wide andoffer people the chance to gain back thetime that is lost in their daily commute.However, such a technology presentsvarious legal challenges as well. Today, thecurrent laws are not equipped to handleclaims arising from full autonomy. Areassuch as personhood status, civil liability,cyber security and protection of personaldata should be regulated in order to ensurethat the technology is beneficial to society,without posing serious risks. The EuropeanParliament adopted the “Civil Law Ruleson Robotics” resolution on February16th, 2017 with recommendations tothe European Commission for a newlegislation. The resolution offers importantsuggestions in regulating the autonomousrobots and ground breaking suggestions onpersonhood status of autonomous robotsand the civil liability that will arise fromtheir actions. The Parliament’s suggestionshave been attracting attention world-wideand if legislated, can set a precedent forthe rest of the world.
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