NIETZSCHE’NİN HAKİKAT ANLAYIŞI ÜZERİNE HEIDEGGER’İN YORUMU

Bu makalede, Nietzsche’nin hakikat kavrayışının özgünlüğü ya da gelenekçiliği üzerine Heidegger’in yorum ve eleştirileri konu edinilmiştir. Nietzsche kendi felsefesini tersine çevrilmiş Platonculuk olarak nitelendirdiğinden, Heidegger onun hakikat anlayışını Platoncu düşünceden hareketle irdelemeye başlar. Platoncu düşüncede öteye ve aşkın olana gönderme yapan ve bilgi aracılığıyla ulaşılan gerçeklik ya da hakikat doğru olarak kabul görür. Nietzsche ise hakikate duyulan tutkuyu, bir yanılsama, yanılgı ya da yalanın tarihi olarak adlandırır ve Platonculuğun üzerinde temellenen gerçek ve görünür dünyaları ortadan kaldırarak bu arayışa bir son verdiğini düşünür. Ancak Heidegger, Nietzsche’de hakikati belirleyen ölçütün Platonculuktaki gibi akıl olduğunu iddia eder. Platoncu düşüncede akıl hakikati kavrama ve bilme gücüne sahiptir. Nietzsche ise hakikati şiirselleştirme ve çelişmezlik kavramları üzerinden bilmeye çalışır. Böylelikle Nietzsche metafiziğin diliyle konuşmaya, onun kavram ve tanımlarını farklı bir bağlamda ele almaya devam eder. Sonuçta gelinen nokta aynıdır; hakikat, bilgi yoluyla elde edilen doğruluktur. Bu bağlamda Heidegger’in üzerinde ilerlediği hakikat sorunu şu sonuca bağlanır: Nietzsche Platonculuğun duyuüstü egemenliğini yok etmiş olabilir, ancak hakikatin yeni bir metafizik tanımını ortaya koyarak Platonculuğa bağlı kalır.

HEIDEGGER’S INTERPRETATION ON NIETZSCHE’S UNDERSTANDING OF TRUTH

ABSTRACT In this article, Heidegger’s comments and criticisms on the originality or traditionalism of Nietzsche’s understanding of truth are dealt. Because Nietzsche describes his own philosophy as inverted Platonism, Heidegger begins to interpret Nietzsche’s understanding of truth with reference to Platonist thought. In Platonic thought, the reality or truth that refers to the beyond and transcendent and reached through knowledge is accepted as true. Nietzsche, on the other hand calls the passion for truth a history of illusion, delusion or lie and thinks that he put an end to this search by eliminating the real and visible worlds are based on Platonism. However Heidegger claims that the measure of truth in Nietzsche is reason as in Platonism. In Platonic thought, the reason has the power to comprehend and know the truth. Nietzsche tries to know the truth through the concepts of poetization and noncontradiction. Thus, Nietzsche continues to speak with the language of metaphysics and to consider its concepts and definitions in a different context. As a result, reached the point is the same; Truth is correctness obtained by knowledge. In this context, the problem of truth that Heidegger proceeds on leads to that conclusion: Nietzsche may have destroyed the suprasensory dominance of Platonism, but he sticks to Platonism by presenting a new metaphysical definition of truth.

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