Use of Gyttja as Litter Material in Broiler Houses

The aim of the current experiment was to evaluate the possibility ofthe use of gyttja as an alternative litter material to wood shavings inbroiler production. In the current experiment 3150 chicks were usedin two experimental groups consisting of 1575 chicks with threerepetitions (3x525 chicks). The experiment last for 39 days. Duringthe experiment chicks in two experimental groups with same diets.There were no significant differences between experimental groups interms of live weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio andmortality. However, foot pad dermatitis (FPD) was found to be higherin the gyttja litter group and the difference between the groups wassignificant (P=0.011). In conclusion, gyttja could be used instead ofwood shavings as litter in broiler houses without compromising thegrowth parameters. However, it should be known that there will bemore FPD when using gyttja as litter in broiler production comparedto using wood shavings.

Etlik Piliç Kümeslerinde Gidya Materyalinin Altlık Olarak Kullanımı

Bu çalışmada etlik piliç kümeslerinde, gidya materyalinin ağaç talaşı yerine, alternatif bir altlık olarak kullanabilme imkânı araştırılmıştır. Deneme grubunda gidya materyali altlık olarak kullanılırken control grubunda altlık olarak ağaç talaşı kullanılmıştır. Mevcut denemede, üç tekrarlı (3x525 civciv) 1575 civcivden oluşan iki muamele grubunda toplam 3150 civciv kullanılmış ve deneme 39 gün sürdürülmüştür. Denemede her iki grup civcivlere aynı yemler verilmiştir. Deneme grupları arasında canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi, yem dönüşüm oranı ve ölüm oranı açısından önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır. Ancak, kontrol grubuna göre gidya altlık grubunda daha fazla FPD (foot pad dermatitis) geliştiği görülmüş ve gruplar arasındaki fark önemli bulunmuştur (P=0,011). Sonuç olarak gidya materyali, büyüme parametrelerinden ödün vermeden broyler kümeslerinde odun talaşı yerine altlık olarak kullanılabileceği görülmüş, ancak altlık olarak gidya kullanılan grupta, ağaç talaşı kullanılan kontrol grubuna göre piliçlerin ayak tabanlarında yangıların (FPD) daha fazla olabileceği gözden kaçırılmamalıdır.

PDF

___

Adiyaman E 2009. Ensiling possibilities of some cereal fodder plants with broiler litter. M.Sc. Thesis. Süleyman Demirel Uni., Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sci. Depart. of Animal Sci. Isparta. 35p.

Aktan S, Sagdic O 2004. Dried rose (rosa damascena mill.) dreg: An alternative litter material in broiler production. South African J. of Anim. Sci. 34: 75-79. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v34i2.3809

Atapattu NSBM, Wickramasinghe KP 2007. The use of refused tea as litter material for broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 86: 968-972. https://doi.org/10.1093/ ps/86.5.968

Atencio JL, Fernandez JA, Gernat AG, Murillo JG 2010. Effect of pine wood shavings, rice hulls and river bed send on broiler productivity when used as a litter sources. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 9: 240-243. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2010.240.243

Bilgili SF, Montenegro GI, Hess JB, Eckman MK 1999. Live performance, carcass quality, and deboning yields of broilers reared on sand as a litter source. J. of Appl. Poult. Research 8: 352-361. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/8.3.352

Bintas E, Kucukyilmaz K, Bozkurt M, Catli AU, Cinar M, Topbas S, Kocer B, Ege G 2014. The effects of natural zeolit supplemented into litter on growth performance and welfare of broilers. J. Poult. Research. 11: 10-15.

Bolan NS, Szogi AA, Chuasavathi T, Seshadri B, Rothrock Jr MJ, Panneerselvam P 2010. Uses and management of poultry litter. World's Poult. Sci. J. 66: 673-698. https://doi.org/10.1017/S00439339 10000656

Chakma S, Miah MY, Ara A, Kawsar MH 2012. Feasibility of using fallen tea leaves as litter in broiler rearing. Bang. J. of Anim. Sci. 41: 52-54. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i1.11978

Demirkiran AR, Cengiz MC 2011. Effects of organic materials, as gyttja, alsil, alga, humic acid, moss, straw, peat and chemical fertilizers treatments on the pistacia vera L. seedling. J. of Natur. Sci. of Bingöl University. 1: 43-50. http://traglor.cu.edu.tr/ objects/objectFile/GAkZN8c3-11122012-7.pdf

Duman M, Şekeroglu A 2016. The use of pumice stone as a litter material and it’s effect on broiler performance, welfare and carcass characteristcs. National Poultry Congress. 5-8 October. Samsun/Turkey.

Eleroglu H, Yalcin H 2004. Effects of fattening performance and some litter parameters by addition of zeolite to litter on the broilers. J. of Poult. Reseach. 5: 31-40.

El-Deek AA, Al-Harthi MA, Khalifah MM, Elbanoby MM, Alharby T 2011. Impact of newspaper as bedding material in arid land on broiler performance. Egyp. Poult. Sci. 31: 715-725.

El-Wahab AA, Radko D, Kamphues J 2013. High dietary levels of biotin and zinc to improve health of foot pads in broilers exposed experimentally to litter with critical moisture content. Poult. Sci. 92: 1774-82. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03054

Gulser F,Yilmaz C, Sonmez F 2014. Effects of gyttja and chemical fertilizer applications on growing media and pomologic and biochemical properties in pepper (Capsicum annuum l.) fruit. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi. 2: 1-5.

Hafeez A, Suhail SM, Durrani FR, Jan D, Ahmad I, Chand N, Rehman A 2009. Efect of different types of locally avaiblable litter materials on the performance of broiler chicks. Sarhad J. of Agricul. 25: 581-586.

Hector LS, Kenneth H, Abner A, Jose AO, Mireille A 2006. Paper products as litter materials for broilers: performance, carcass defects, footpad lesions. The J. of Agrıcul. of the Universty of Puerto Rico. 90: 1-8.

Irıc O 2019. Effects of poultry litter on fodder yield and quality of vetch+triticale mixture on the base of sustainable. Master’s Thesis. Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univeristy. Institute of Natural and Applied Sci., Field Sci. Dept. 45p.

Ipek A, Karabulut A, Canbolat O, Kalkan H 2002. The Effects of different litter materials on the production traits of broilers Uludag Uni. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 16: 137-147.

Kadioglu YK, Namlı A, Kadioglu S, Kilinc CO, Akca MO 2015. EÜAŞ Afşin-Elbistan havzası linyit işletmesinin havza araştırılmasın jeolojik ve jeofizik yöntemlerle organik ve inorganik bileşenlerin belirlenmesi (Tanım-Tespit-Etüt). 4. Uluslararası Katılımlı Toprak ve Su Kaynakları Kongresi, 01-04 Eylül 2015. Kahramanmaraş/ Turkey.

Kyvsgaard NC, Jensen HB, Ambrosen T, Toft N 2013. Temporal changes and risk factors for foot-pad dermatitis in Danish broilers. Poult. Sci. 92 (1): 26- 32. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02433

Lima RC, Freitas ER, Gomes HM, Cruz CEB, Fernandes DE 2018. Performance of broiler chickens reared at two stocking densities and coir litter with different height. Revista Ciencia Agronomica. 49: 1-14.

Miles DM, Rowe DE, Cathcart TC 2011. Litter ammonia generation: Moisture content and organic versus inorganic bedding materials. Poult. Sci. 90: 1162-1169. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-01113

Monira KN, Islam MA, Alam MJ, Wahid MA 2003. Effect of litter materials on broiler performance and evaluation of manureal value of used litter in late autumn. Asian-Australasian J. of Anim. Sci. 16: 555-557. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.555

Munir MT, Belloncle C, Irle M, Federighi M 2019. Wood based litter in poultry production: A review. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 75: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933918000909

Ozlu S, Shiranjang R, Elibol O, Karaca A, Turkoglu M 2017. Effect of paper waste products as a litter material on broiler performance. Tavukçuluk Araş. Dergisi. 14: 12-17.

Ritz CW, Kiepper BH, Fairchild BD 2016. Evaluation of cellulose-based industrial wastewater byproduct as broiler bedding. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 25: 182-190. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr/pfv096

Saltali K, Yildirim OF 2016. Effect of gyttja application on some plant and soil properties in confectionary sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivation at dry condition Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Uni. Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi. 19: 84-90.

Sarica M, Cam MA 2000. Potential of hazelnut husks as a broiler litter material. Bri. Poult. Sci. 41: 541- 543. https://doi.org/10.1080/713654977

Sarica M, Yamak US, Boz MA 2014. Effect of production systems on foot pad dermatitis (FPD) levels among slow-, medium- and fast-growing broilers. Europ. Poult. Sci. 78: 52-61. https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2014.52

Sekeroglu A, Eleroglu H, Sarica M, Camci O 2013. Litter materials and litter material managementused in production on the ground. Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi 10: 25-34. http://www.turkishpoultryscience.com/en/downloa d/article-file/419892

Sharma G, Khan A, Singh S, Kumar AA 2015. Efficacy of pine leaves as an alternative bedding material for broiler chicks during summer season. Vet. World. 8: 1219-1224.

Shao D, He J, Lu J, Wang Q, Chang L, Shi SR, Bing TH 2015. Effect of sawdust thickness on growth performance, environmental condition, and welfare quality of yellow broilers. Poult. Sci. 94: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/peu003

Sharpley AN, Herron S, Daniel T 2007. Overcoming the challenges of phosphorus-based management challenges in poultry farming. J. of Soil and Water Conservation. 58: 30-38.

Singh K, Risse LM, Das KC, Worley J, Thompson S 2010. Effect of fractionation and pyrolysison fuel properties of poultry litter. J. of the Air and Waste Management Association. 60: 875-883. https://doi.org/10.3155/1047-3289.60.7.875

Sorbara JOB, Rizzo MF, Laurentiz AC 2000. Evaluation of citrus pulp pellet as a broiler litter. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Avicola. 2: 1-13.

SPSS 2013. IBM United States Software Announcement 213-309, dated August 13, 2013.

Toghyani M, Gheisari A, Modaresi M, Tabeidian SA, Toghyani M 2010. Effect of different litter material on performance and behavior of broiler chickens. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 122: 48-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2009.11.008

Yakupoglu T, Yilmaz K, Demir OF 2013. Some physico-chemical properties of gyttja as a soil conditioner; removed from afsin-elbistan coal power plant basin in Turkey. Int. Conf. on Environmental Sci. and Tech. June 18-21 Nevsehir/ Turkey.

Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A 2016. Effect of reusing litter on broiler performance, foot-pad dermatitis and litter quality in chickens with different growth rates. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. J. 22: 85-91. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2015.13957