Comparison of Biological and Antioxidant Activities of Above and Below-Ground Extracts of Endemic Heliotropium samolifolium subsp. erzurumicum

In this study, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and effects on DNAdamage of above and below-ground extracts of Heliotropiumsamolifolium subsp. erzurumicum were determined. This subspeciesdistributes only in the vicinity of Olur (Erzurum) in Turkey and isknown as Erzurum Bambulu by the people. Heliotropium L. speciesinclude secondary metabolities such as; pyrrolizidine alkaloids,terpenoids, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, tannis, and steroids. Theabove and below-ground extracts of the subspecies were preparedusing different organic solvents. For the antioxidant studies, DPPHand total phenolic content calculation methods were applied. Theantimicrobial activity tests of the extracts were performed using fourdifferent standard strains, a yeast and MIC (Minimum InhibitionConcentration) method. The effects on DNA damage of plant extractswere explained using pBR322 plasmid DNA. The below-groundethanol extract of the subspecies was seen to have strongerantimicrobial activity. According to antioxidant data, the highestactivity was found in above-ground ethanol+aqueous, chloroform andbelow-ground ethanol extracts. Also, the below-ground aqueous andchloroform extracts had a greater effect on the open ring form ofpBR322 plasmid DNA. It was determined that the below-groundextracts of the subspecies were more effective than the above groundextracts. It was suggested that the extracts obtained from thissubspecies may be used in medicine industry and folk medicine.

Endemik Heliotropium samolifolium subsp. erzurumicum’un Topraküstü ve Toprakaltı Ekstraklarının Biyolojik ve Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Karşılaştırılması

Bu çalışmada, Heliotropium samolifolium subsp. erzurumicum’un topraküstü ve toprakaltı ekstraklarının antioksidan, antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri ve DNA hasarı üzerine etkileri belirlendi ve karşılaştırıldı. Bu alttür Türkiye de sadece Olur (Erzurum) çevresinde yayılış göstermektedir ve halk tarafından Erzurum Bambulu olarak bilinmektedir. Heliotropium L. türleri pirolizidin alkoloitleri, terpenoitler, saponinler, fenoller, flavonoitler taninler ve steroitler gibi sekonder metabolitleri içermektedir. Alttürün topraküstü ve toprakaltı ekstrakları farklı organik çözücüler kullanılarak hazırlandı. Antioksidan çalışmalar için DPPH ve toplam fenolik içerik hesaplama metotları uygulandı. Ekstrakların antimikrobiyal aktivite testleri dört farklı standart suş, bir maya mantarı ve MIK metodu kullanılarak yapıldı. Bitki ekstraklarının DNA hasarı üzerindeki etkileri pBR322 plazmit DNA’sı kullanılarak açıklandı. Bu alttürün toprakaltı etanol ekstraklarının daha güçlü antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğu görüldü. Antioksidan sonuçlara göre, en yüksek aktivite topraküstü kloroform, etanol+su ve toprakaltı etanol ekstraklarında bulundu. Ayrıca toprakaltı su ve kloroform ekstrakları pBR322 plazmit DNA’nın açık halkasal formu üzerinde daha büyük bir etkiye sahiptir. Alttürün toprakaltı ekstraklarının topraküstü ekstraklarından daha etkili olduğu belirlendi. Bu alttürden elde edilen ekstrakların ilaç endüstrisinde ve halk hekimliğinde kullanılabileceği önerildi.

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