Alman Hamamböceği Blatella germanica (L.)'nın Erginlerinde İki Fungal İzolata Karşı Eikosanoidlerin Nodülasyon Reaksiyonları Üzerine Olan Fonksiyonu
Böceklerde mikrobiyal enfeksiyonlara karşı hücresel savunmareaksiyonlarından biri nodülasyon reaksiyonlarıdır. Bu çalışmada,Alman hamamböceği, Blatella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera:Blattellidae)'nın erginlerinde eikosanoidlerin, iki fungal izolata(Beauveria bassiana'nın 1512 ve Metarhizium anisopliae'nin S8-2)nodülasyon reaksiyonları üzerindeki rolü test edilmiştir. Erginböcekler 1512 ve S8-2 ile enfekte edildiğinde, böcekler bu enfeksiyonakarşı nodülasyon reaksiyonu göstermişlerdir. Erginhamamböceklerine fungal izolatlarla enfekte edilmeden hemen önceeikosanoid biyosentez inhibitörleri enjekte edilmesi, fungal izolatlarakarşı nodülasyon tepkisini azaltmıştır. Eikosanoid biyosentezindekienzimlerin inhibitörlerinden deksametazon (bir fosfolipaz A2inhibitörü), indometasin, naproksen, ibuprofen (siklooksijenazinhibitörleri), esculetin (bir lipoksijenaz inhibitörü) ve fenidon (hemsiklooksijenaz / hemde lipoksigenaz inhibitörü) de dahil olmak üzerespesifik inhibitörlerle yapılan ayrı uygulamalar, B. germenica'nınfungal enfeksiyona karşı nodül oluşturmasını azaltmıştır. Bubulgular, eikosanoidlerin B. germenica'nın erginlerindeki fungalenfeksiyonlara karşı nodülasyon reaksiyonlarında rol aldığıhipotezini desteklemektedir..
The Functions of Eicosanoids on Nodulation Reactions to Two Fungal Isolates In Adults of The German Cockroach, Blatella germanica (L.)
One of the cellular defense reactions to microbial infections in insects is nodulation reactions. In this study, the role of eicosanoids on nodulation reactions to two fungal isolates (Beauveria bassiana 1512 and Metarhizium anisopliae S8-2) in adults of the German cockroach, Blatella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) was tested. Treating adult of German cockroach with Beauveria 1512 and Metarhizium S8-2 induced nodulation reactions. Injecting adults of B. germanica with eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitors, immediately before intrahemocoelic injections of the fungal isolates reduced the nodulation response to fungal challenges. Separate treatments with specific inhibitors including dexamethasone (a phospholipase A2 inhibitor), indomethacin, naproxen, ibuprofen (cyclooxygenase inhibitors), esculetin (a lipoxygenase inhibitor) and Phenidone (dual cyclooxgenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor) also impaired the ability of B. germanica to form nodules in reaction to fungal challenge. These findings support the hypothesis that eicosanoids has a role on nodulation reactions to the fungal infections in adults of B. germanica.
___
- Dunn, P.E. 1986. Biochemical aspects of insect
immunology. Annu Rev Entomol, 31: 321-339.
- Gillespie, J.P., Kanost, M.R., Trenczek, T. 1997.
Biological mediators of insect immunity. Annual
Review of Entomology, 42: 611-643.
- Miller, J.S., Nguyen, T., Stanley-Samuelson, D,W.
1994. Eicosanoids mediate insect nodulation
responses to bacterial infections. Proceedings of the
National Acaddemy of Sciences USA, 91: 12418-
12422.
- Rosales, C. 2017. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms
of Insect Immunity. In: Shields,V.D.C. Ed. Insect
Physiology and Ecology. InTeach Publicaiton.
CCBY. Pp. 179-212.
- Russell, V., Dunn, P.E. 1996. Antibacterial proteins in
the midgut of Manduca sexta during metamorphosis. Journal of Insect Physiolology, 42:
65-71.
- SAS Institute Inc. 1989. SAS/STATR User's Guide,
Version 6, 4th Ed., vol 2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary,
NC.
- Satyavathi, V.V., Minz, A., Nagaraju, J. 2014.
Nodulation: An unexplored cellular defense
mechanism in insects. Cellular Signalling, 26: 1753-
1763.
- Stanley, D.W. 2000. Eicosanoids in Invertebrate Signal
Transduction Systems. Princeton University
Press, Princeton, NJ.
- Stanley, D.W., Kim, Y. 2014. Eicosanoid Signaling in
Insects: from Discovery to Plant
Protection. Plant Sciences, 33:20-63.
- Stanley, D.W., Miller, J.S. 2006. Eicosanoid actions in
insect cellular immune functions. Entomologia
Experimentalis et Applicata, 119: 1-13.
- Tunaz, H. 2009. Eicosanoids act in nodulation
reactions to bacteria Serratia marcescens in
hemipteran pest, Eurygaster Integriceps Turkish
Journal of Biology 33: 301-309.
- Tunaz, H., Bengin, C., Er, M.K. 2008. Nodulation
reaction to fungal infections in larvae of
Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say) (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae) mediated by eicosanoids. Turkish
Journal of Agricultural Forestry 32: 11-18.
- Tunaz, H. 2006. Influence of Eicosanoids in nodulation
reactions against bacteria, Serratia marcescens in
larvae of Leptinotarsa decemlineata. KSU Fen
Mühendislik Dergisi, 9:159-163.