Yumurtacı Tavuklarda Kekik (Oregano) ve L-karnitin’in Yem Katkısı Olarak Alternatif Zorlamalı Tüy Dökümü Programında Kullanılması

Bu araştırma, yem çekmeli zorlamalı tüy dökümü programına alternatif olabileceği düşünülen yonca unu esaslı ve düşük Na-Ca ihtiva eden zorlanım yemi kullanılarak yapılan zorlamalı tüy dökümü programlarının ve zorlanım periyodunda yem katkı maddesi olarak toz formda L-karnitin ve kekik bitkisinin, zorlanım dönemi parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneme, zorlanım uygulanmayan ve yem katkı maddeleri kullanılmayan bir negatif kontrol grubu (K); biri yem çekmeli olmak üzere 3 adet zorlamalı tüy dökümü metodu uygulanan deneme grupları (M: Mermer tozu, A: Yonca, F: Düşük sodyum-kalsiyumlu yem), zorlanım uygulanan gruplara yem ilavesi olarak L-karnitin (C) (100 ppm) ve kurutulmuş kekik (O) (%5) tozunun belirlenen oranlarda ayrı ayrı (MC, AC, FC, MO, AO, FO) ve birlikte kullanıldığı (50 ppm; %2,5) gruplar (MCO, ACO, FCO,) olmak üzere, her grupta 6 tekerrür ve tekerrür gruplarında 15 adet hayvan olacak şekilde 13 grupta toplam 1170 tavuk üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Deneme ilk 14 gün alıştırma, 22 gün zorlanım dönemi olacak şekilde toplam 36 gün boyunca sürdürülmüştür. Araştırmada, yonca unu ile yapılan kalitatif yem kısıtlaması ile canlı ağırlık kaybının %30’u geçtiği ve 11 gün açlığın sağladığı canlı ağırlık kaybından daha fazla canlı ağırlık kaybına neden olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yonca ununun, yem çekme metoduna alternatif olabileceği, bilhassa yonca ununa L-karnitin ve kekik bitkisinin bir arada katılmasının performans üzerine olumlu etkiler gösterdiği kanısına varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Zorlamalı Tüy dökümü, Yumurta Tavuğu, L-Karnitin, Kekik, Yumurta Verimi

The Use of L-Carnitine and Oregano As Feed Additives in Alternative Forced Molting Programmes in Laying Hens

This research was carried out in order to determine the effects of forced molting programs induced by feeding the hens an alfalfa based and low Na-Ca induction feed as an alternative to forced molting program with feed withdrawal and the effect of L-carnitine and Oregano plant in powder form as feed additives on the induction period parameters. A total of 1170 birds were divided into 13 groups. The trial was continued for a total of 36 days, with the first 14 days of adaptation and 22 days of force molting. A negative control group (K) which was neither forced molted nor provided with any feed additive substances in their diets Moreover, other three treatment groups (M: Marbel powder, Y: Alfalfa, F: Low Ca-Na diet), were forced molted and one withhold feeding group was used for the study; the forced molted groups were supplied L-carnitine (C) (100 ppm) and dried oregano leaves (O) (5%) as a feed additive in designed individual diets (MC, AC, FC, MO, AO, FO ) alone and in combination (50 ppm; 2.5%) in groups (MCO, ACO, FCO). In the light of this data it could be said that the live weight loss achieved with qualitative alfalfa meal feed restriction exceeds 30% and exceeds the live weight loss ensured by an 11 day feed withdrawal. Based on these parameters it is concluded that supplementing feed additives into alfalfa meal could be an alternative to the feed withdrawal method and alfalfa meal with a combination of L-carnitine and oregano plant has a positive impact on performance.

Keywords:

Moulting, Laying Hen, L-Carnitine, Oregano, Egg Yield,

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