Çağla KARADEMİR, Birsen ŞAHAN

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Türkiye'de Covid-19 pandemisinin psikososyal etkileri ve akılcı duygusal davranışçı terapinin ABC modeli çerçevesinde incelenmesi

Pandemiler kişinin kendisine ve sevdiklerine yönelik sağlık tehditlerini de içeren birçok farklı psikososyal stres faktörü ile ilişkilidir. Pandemi sürecinde, insanların yaşamış oldukları duygusal sorunların ve enfeksiyonun yayılmasını önleyecek psikolojik faktörlerin belirlenmesi, hastalığın yayılmasını engelleyecek olan davranışların yerine getirilmesi, duygusal sıkıntıların uyumsuzlukların ve yıkıcı davranışların yönetilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de yaşayan yetişkin bireyler üzerinde Covid-19 pandemisinin psikososyal etkilerinin incelenmesi ve akılcı duygusal davranışçı terapinin ABC modeli çerçevesinde analiz edilmesi amacıyla, nitel araştırma yöntemlerine dayalı olarak durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 18 yaş üzerindeki 245 yetişkin birey oluşturmuştur. Bulgular katılımcıların %7.3’ünün sağlık güvencesi bulunmadığını ve %23.7’si karantina süresince hiç egzersiz yapmadığını, %35.5’inin gelir kaybı yaşadığını, %72.7’sinin sosyal medya kullanma davranışlarının arttığını, %89.8’inin virüsün sıkı önlemler alınmasını gerektirecek kadar tehlikeli olduğuna inandığını göstermektedir. Salgın süreci ile birlikte katılımcıların hayatlarında biyolojik, sosyolojik, psikolojik, ekonomik pek çok farklı değişimler, zorlanmalar, öğrenmeler olmuştur. Katılımcıların Covid 19’a yönelik düşünceleri de birbirinden farklılık göstermektedir. Katılımcılardan çok azı (f=24) salgına dair akılcı düşüncelere sahiptir. Katılımcıların akılcı olmayan düşünceleri, Talepkarlık (f=104), Felaketleştirme (f=84), Rahatsız olmaya katlanamama (f=66) ve Diğerlerini ve kendini derecelendirme (f=36) olmak üzere dört kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Akılcı düşüncelere sahip katılımcıların duyguları daha sağlıklı ve davranışları daha işlevselken, akılcı olmayan düşüncelere sahip katılımcıların duyguları daha sağlıksız ve davranışları da daha işlevsizdir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Covid 19, psikososyal etkiler, ABC modeli, akılcı inançlar, akılcı olmayan inançlar

Psychosocial effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey and an investigation of rational emotional behavioral therapy within the framework of the ABC model

Pandemics are associated with many different psychosocial stress factors. During the pandemic process, determining the emotional problems people experience and the psychological factors that will prevent the spread of the infection, and fulfilling the behaviors that will prevent the spread of the disease is significant in terms of managing emotional distress, maladjustments and destructive behaviors. Accordingly, this study presented the multifaceted descriptive information of 245 adult individuals living in Turkey regarding the pandemic process and analyzed these individuals’ thoughts, emotions and behaviors within the framework of the ABC Model of Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy. The findings revealed that 7.3% of the participants did not have health insurance, 23.7% did not exercise at all during the quarantine, 35.5% experienced loss of income, 72.7% increased their social media use, and 89.8% believed the virus to be dangerous enough to require strict measures. Only a few of the participants (f=24) had rational beliefs about the pandemic. The participants’ irrational beliefs were divided into four categories, namely Demandingness (f=104), Catastrophizing (f=84), low frustration tolerance (f=66), and Global evaluations of human value (f=36). The emotions of the participants with irrational thoughts were unhealthier and their behaviors were more dysfunctional.
Keywords:

Covid-19, psychosocial effects, rational beliefs, irrational beliefs, ABC model,

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Kocaeli Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi-Cover
  • Başlangıç: 2018
  • Yayıncı: Kocaeli Üniversitesi
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Türkiye'de Covid-19 pandemisinin psikososyal etkileri ve akılcı duygusal davranışçı terapinin ABC modeli çerçevesinde incelenmesi

Çağla KARADEMİR, Birsen ŞAHAN