Mesleki Astım

ÖzMesleki Astım tanısında en önemli adım anamnez almaktır. İşe bağlı semptomlarınsorgulanması mesleki astım tanısında yüksek sensitiviteye sahiptir. Semptomlar işe gittiği günlerde artarken, tatillerde azalır veya kaybolur. Astımlı hasta astıma neden olan bir iş kolunda çalışıyorsa aksi kanıtlanıncaya kadar MA olarak kabul edilmeli ve bu yönde araştırılması önerilmelidir Alerjik ya da immunolojik mesleki astım da hastalığın ortaya çıkması için bir latent dönem gerekirken Non-alerjik ya da nonimmunolojik mesleki astımda Latent dönem yoktur. Tanı yöntemlerinden Pefmetre kullanarak PEF varyabilitesini tespit 1 aylık izlem şeklinde (10 günluk iş dışı periyodlar içinde) ve gündeen az dort kez yapılmalıdır. Ayrıca tanıda spesifik ve nonspesifik bronş provokasyon testleri ve immunolojik testler kullanılır. İmmunolojik testlerden deri prick testleri intradermal testler spesifik IgE testleri tanıda önemli iken Total IgE’nin tanısal değeri yoktur. Koruma yöntemlerinden birincil koruma etkenle teması önleme yöntemleri, ikincilkoruma işten ve sorumlu ajandan uzaklaştırma ve üçüncül korumanın hedefleri ise semp-tomları kontrol altında tutmak, atakları önlemek, ilaç tedavisidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mesleki astım, immunolojik test, pefmetre

Occupatıonal Asthma

AbstractThe most important step in Occupational Asthma(OA) disease is to take anamnesis.Questioning of workrelated symptoms has high sensitivity to OA. Symptoms increaseon the days when they go to work, but they decrease or disappear at the holidays. If theasthmatic patient is working in a workplace causing asthma, it should be considered asOA until otherwise is proven and it should be recommended to investigate this. Allergic or immunological occupational asthma requires a latent period to determine the disease, while non-allergic or non-immunological occupational asthma has no Latent period. By using the Pefmeter from the diagnostic methods, the PEF variability determination should be in the form of a 1-month follow-up (within 10 days of non-work periods) and at least four times a day. In addition, specific and nonspecific bronchial provocation tests and immunological tests are used. Skin prick tests, intradermal tests, specific IgE tests are important in immunologic tests, whereas Total IgE has no diagnostic value. The primary method of protection is methods of preventing contact with factors; Thesecondary method of protection is removal of the responsible agent and the targets of tertiary protection are to control symptoms, to prevent attacks and to treat medications.

Keywords:

Occupational asthma, immunological test, peakflowmetre,

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