ÖZEL GEREKSİNİME İHTİYACI OLAN ÇOCUKLARA SAHİP ANNE BABALARDA TRAVMA SONRASI BÜYÜME

Amaç: Farklı gelişen çocuğa sahip olmak aile için önemli yaşam krizlerinden biri olarak kabul edilebilir. Anne babalar bu durumdan farklı şekillerde etkilenmektedirler. Bu çalışmada özel gereksinime ihtiyacı olan çocuklara sahip anne ve babaların bu yaşam krizi sonrasındaki travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerinin nasıl olduğunun incelenmesi üzerinde durulmuştur. Özel gereksinime ihtiyacı olan bir çocuğa sahip anne babalarda travma sonrası büyümenin olup olmadığının incelenmesi bu araştırmanın temel amacını oluşturmaktadır. Yöntem: Bu amaçla özel gereksinime muhtaç çocuğa sahip 308 baba ve 359 anne olmak üzere 670 kişiye ölçekler uygulanmıştır. Bununla birlikte özel gereksinime muhtaç olmayan çocuğu olan 197 baba ve 286 anne olmak üzere 483 anne baba çalışmaya alınmıştır. Anne babaların sosyo-demografik özelliklerini saptamak amacıyla, 17 maddeden oluşan demografik bilgi formu; travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerini ölçmek için Tedeschi ve Calhoun tarafından geliştirilen ve 21 maddeden oluşan Travma Sonrası Büyüme Envanteri (TSB) kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Verilerin analizleri SPSS 22 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi için; Bağımsız Gruplar t-testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular %95 güven aralığında olmakla beraber, %5 anlamlılık düzeyi göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir. Özel gereksinimli anne babaların travma sonrası toplam puanları özel gereksinimi olmayan anne babalara kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Tartışma: araştırma grubunun travma sonrası büyüme toplam puanları ve alt boyutları kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Özel gereksinimli çocuğa sahip ailelerin yaşadıkları sürece ilişkin pozitif büyümeyi saptayıp farkına varmaları sağlanarak, bu yolla psikolojik sağlamlıklarını arttırmayı amaçlayan programlar ve aile rehberlik hizmetleri geliştirilebilir.

POST TRAUMATİC GROWTH İN PARENTS OF CHİLDREN WİTH SPECİAL NEEDS

Objective: Having a child who develops differently can be considered as one of the important life crises for the family. Parents are affected by this situation in different ways. In this study, it is focused on examining the post-traumatic growth characteristics of mothers and fathers who have children with special needs after this life crisis. The main purpose of this research is to examine whether there is post-traumatic growth in parents who have a child with special needs. Method: For this purpose, the scales were applied to 670 people, including 308 fathers and 359 mothers, who have children with special needs. In addition, 483 parents, including 197 fathers and 286 mothers, who have children who do not need special needs, were included in the study. Demographic information form consisting of 17 items in order to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents; The Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (TSB), developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun and consisting of 21 items, was used to measure post-traumatic growth characteristics. Results: Data analyzes were performed using the SPSS 22 program. For data analysis; Independent Groups t-test were used. Although the findings were in the 95% confidence interval, they were evaluated considering the 5% significance level. Post-traumatic total scores of parents with special needs were found to be significantly higher than those of parents with no special needs. Discussion: Posttraumatic growth total scores and sub-dimensions of the study group were found to be significantly higher than the control group. By enabling families with special needs children to detect and realize the positive growth related to the process they live, programs and family guidance services aiming to increase their psychological resilience can be developed in this way.

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