Gülbin ÖZKAN, Hayriye ZENGİN TEPEKUYU, Ünsal UMDU TOPSAKAL

ÖĞRENCİLER TÜRKİYE'DE BİYOETİK SORUNLARI VE BİYOETİK EĞİTİMİ HAKKINDA NE DÜŞÜNMEKTEDİRLER?

Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin biyoetik farkındalıklarını tanımlamak ve geliştirmektir. Örneklem İstanbul, Türkiye'de okuyan 23 10 kız ve 13 erkek 7. sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma modellerinden fenomenoloji kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak biyoetik üzerine hazırlanan senaryolar ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler kullanılmıştır. Öğrenciler beş hafta boyunca biyoetik eğitimi kapsamında hazırlanan senaryolarla uygulanan eğitime katılmışlardır. Çalışma sonunda öğrencilerin organ bağışı için olumlu, GDO ürünleri ve üreme teknolojisi gibi genetik çalışmalar için olumsuz düşüncelere sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Biyoetik eğitim sürecinden sonra öğrencilerin biyoetik bilincinin geliştirildiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin biyoetik konularına farklı açılardan bakma becerilerinin geliştirildiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

biyoetik, biyoetik eğitimi, biyoetik farkındalık

WHAT DO STUDENTS THINK ABOUT BIOETHICS ISSUES AND BIOETHICS EDUCATION IN TURKEY?

Aim of this study is to identify and develop bioethical awareness of middle school 7th grade students. The sample is 23 10 girls and 13 boys 7th grade students studying in Istanbul, Turkey. In this study, phenomenology was used among the models revealed within the scope of qualitative paradigm. Scenarios and semi-structured interviews on bioethics were used as data collection tools. The students have been involved in bioethical issues by scenarios for five weeks in the direction of a bioethics education model. At the end of the study, it was seen that students were positive for organ donation while they were negative for genetic studies like GMO products and reproduction technology. After bioethical education process, it was determined that bioethics awareness of students was developed. It is also seen that the ability of students to look at bioethics issues from different perspectives was developed.

Keywords:

bioethics, bioethics education, bioethical awareness,

PDF

___

Bakar, E. (2010). Assessment of science teacher candidates' practices and opinions related to bioethics education. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Gazi University, Turkey.
Bal, R., Keskin Samancı, N., & Bozkurt, O. (2007). University students’ knowledge and attitude about genetic engineering. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 3 (2), 119-126.
Bryant, J., & Baggott la Velle, L. (2003). A bioethics course for biology and science education students. Journal of Biological Education, 37 (2), 91-95.
Ceylan, Ö., & Topsakal, Ü. U. (2018). Determination of bioethical perceptions of gifted students. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(5), 160-169.
Conner, L. N. (2000). The significance of an approach to the teaching of societal issues related to biotechnology. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, April 24-28, New Orleans, LA.
Davis, M. (1999). Ethics and the University. London: Routledge.
Dawson, V. M. (1999). Bioethics education in the science curriculum: evaluation of strategies for effective and meaningful implementation. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The Curtin University of Technology, Australia.
Dawson, V., & Taylor, P. (2000). Do adolescents' bioethical decisions differ from those of experts? Journal of Biological Education, 34(4), 184-188.
Donnelly JF. (2002). Instrumentality, hermeneutics and the place of science in the school curriculum. Science & Education, 11 (2), 135-153.
Downie, R. (1993). The Teaching of bioethics in the higher education of biologists. Journal of Biological Education, 27 (1), 34-38.
Ekici, F. T., Ekici, E. Aydın, F., & Aydoğdu, M. (2005). Knowledge levels and interpretations of science teacher candidates on bioethics (genetic ethics). Paper presented at the XIV. National Educational Science Congress, Denizli, September 28-30.
Erol Işık, N. (2003). Bilim, etik ve eğitim ilişkisi üzerine. Türkiye Mühendislik Haberleri , 423, 1.
Ersoy, N. (1996). Biyoetik eğitimi: Gereği, Amaçları. Tıbbi Etik, 4.
Ghaly, M. 2010. Human cloning through the eyes of muslim scholars: the new phenomenon of the islamic international religioscientific institutions. Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science,45, 7–35.
Ghaly, M. (2012). The beginning of human life: islamic bioethical perspectives. Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science, 47,175–213.
Ghaly, M. (2013). Collective Religio-Scientific Discussions on Islam and HIV/ AIDS: I. Biomedical Scientists. Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science, 48, 671–708.
Gunter, B., Kinderlerer, J., & Beyleveld, D. (1998). Teenagers and biotechnology: a survey of understanding and opinion in Britain. Studies in Science Education, 32, 81-112.
Gündoğdu, Ö. (1999). Ethical evaluation of urban environmental aesthetics. (Master thesis). Atatürk University, Turkey.
Hall, E.G. (1999). Science education and social responsibility. School Science Review, 81, 14-16.
Inaba, M., & Macer, D. (2004). Policy, regulation and attitudes towards agricultural biotechnology in Japan. Journal of International Biotechnology Law, 1, 45-53.
Jones, A., McKim, A., & Reiss, M. (2010). Ethics in the science and technology classroom: A new approach to teaching and learning. Sense Publisher: Rotterdam.
Mepham, B. (2005). Bioethics an Introduction for The Biosciences. Oxford Universty Press.
Özkan G., & Umdu Topsakal Ü. (2016). Bioethics in Science Education, In Education Research Highlights in Mathematics, Science and Technology edited by Shelley, M. S. Kıray, A., and Celik, İ., 16-21. Iowa: ISRES Publishing.
Peters, M., Ono,Y. Shimizu, K. & Hesse, M. (1997). Selected bioethical issues in Japanese and German textbooks of biology for lower secondary schools. Journal of Moral Education. 26(4): 473-489.
Reiss, M., J. (1999). Teaching ethics in science. Studies in Science Education, 34 (1), 115-140.
Reiss, M. (2010). Ethical Thinking. In Ethics in the Science and Technology Classroom in edited by Jones, A., McKim, A., and Reiss, M. Netherlands: A New Approach to Teaching and Learning, Sense Publisher.
Reiss, M. (2008). The use of ethical frameworks by students following a new science course for 16–18 year-olds. Science and Education, 17, 889–902.
Sekaleshfar, Farrokh B. (2010). A critique of Islamic arguments on human cloning. Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science, 45, 37–46.
Shabana, A. (2013). Law and ethics in Islamic bioethics: nonmaleficence in Islamic paternity regulations. Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science, 48, 709–731.
Smith, W. (1992). A process: framework for teaching bioethics. Woodrow Wilson Biology Institute, 10: 31-36.
Sürmeli, H. (2008). Assessment of attitudes, knowledge and bioethics opinions related to biotechnology and genetic engineering studies of university students. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Marmara University, Turkey.
Staddon W. (2008). A classroom activity debating the ethical issues of preimplantation genetic diagnosis: A role-playing exercise. The American Biology Teacher, 70(5), 284-287.
Şişman, M. (1998). Theory in educational administration and alternative paradigm and approaches in research, VII. National Educational Science Congress, Konya, September 10-12.
Tappan, R. (2017). Islamic bioethics and animal research the case of Iran. Journal of Religious Ethics, 45 (3), 562–578.
Taylor, S. N. (2009). Bioethics in the classroom. Retrieved May 5, 2015 from http://www.accessexcellence.org/LC/TE/BE/
Topsakal, Ü. U. (2011). Opinions on genetic engineering studies of primary school students in Turkey. Scientific Research and Essays, 6(2), 229-235.
Velasquez, M., Moberg, D., Meyer, M. J., Shanks, T., McLean, M., DeCosse, Andre, C. & Hanson, K. (2009). A Framework for thinking ethically. Markkula Center for applied ethics at Santa Clara University. Retrieved January 25, 2016 from http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/desicion/framework.html
Yaman, H. H. (2011). An example application in argumentation-based bioethics education: genetically modified organism and genetic screening test. (Master thesis). Gazi University, Turkey.
Yazıcı, N. N. (2009). Effects of bioethics group discussions on biotechnology attitudes and academic achievement in science fiction. (Master thesis). Muğla University, Turkey.
Yıldırım A. E & Çobanoğlu N. (2009).Biyoetik Bir Miras: Geleneksel Yerleşim Biçimlerinde Biyoetik Değerler. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1):97-123.
Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2006). Qualitative Research Methods in The Social Sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.
Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Qualitative Research Methods in The Social Sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.
Yüce, Z. (2011). Biotechnology Knowledge of Science Teacher Students and Biophysical Approaches to Biotechnology Applications: Attitudes, Opinions and Value Judgments. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Gazi University, Turkey.