Mega Kentlerde iyileştirme bahçeleri, Tahran Örneği

Yapılan araştırmalar, iyileştirme bahçelerinin sadece hastaneler ve sağlık merkezlerinde değil, kentsel alanlarda da vatandaşlar için özel bir yeri olduğunu göstermektedir. Kentsel alanlardaki araştırmalar, vejetasyona sahip kentsel yerleşim sakinlerinin daha fazla sosyal temasta bulunduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Özellikle Tahran (Iran başkentı) gibi mega kentlerde nüfus ve yapıların artmasından dolayı, iyileştirme bahçeleri oluşturmak için açık ve uygun yer belirleme oranı daha düşüktür. Tahran’da genelikle bahçeler şehir merkezlerinden uzakta tasarlandığından, bu alanların kullanılabilirliği ve kullanımı, özellikle yaşlılar ve çocuklar için sınırlıdır. Bu kentte en hızlı büyüyen yapılanmalardan biri, çıplak çatı alanlarında huzurlu mekanlar oluşturmak için yeşil çatılar veya çatı bahçelerinin tasarlanmasıdır. Ayrıca peyzaj tasarımcıları yeşil alanların eksikliğini azaltmak için binanın çatısını yeşilendirmektedir. Çatı ve iyileştirme bahçeleri göz önünde bulundurulursa, bu iki bahçenin binaların çatıları ile birleşmesi halkın iyileşmesi ve sağlık problemlerine yardımcı olmasının yanı sıra çevreye ve ekolojik sisteme katkısı büyüktür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Tahran’daki binaların çatısında iyileştirici bahçeler oluşturmak için gerekli olan bazı faktörlerin ve kriterlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda, çatı bahçeleri ve iyileştirme bahçelerinin entegrasyonu analiz edilip değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda, Tahran gibi mega kentlerde, bu tür alanların tasarlanması ileriye dönük bir adım olabilir. Bu alanlar, şehir ve bölge planlamacıları ve Peyzaj mimarları için çatı alanlarında iyileştirme bahçelerinin oluşturulmasına yönelik planlama ve tasarım özellikleri sunarak, bir yol gösterici olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İyileştirme bahçeleri, Çatı bahçeleri, Planlama, Peyzaj Mimarı, Tahran

Healing Gardens In The Mega Cities; Example Of Tehran

Studies showed about healing gardens have confirmed obligation and specific place of these gardens not only in hospitals and health centers, but in urban spaces for various ages of citizens. Research in urban settings indicates that residents of urban settings with more vegetation have higher social contact too. With growing population and building structures especially in Tehran (capital city of Iran), it is less likely to designate open and suitable place for to create the healing gardens. In most cases, as the gardens are designed far from the city centers, the availability and utilization of the healing gardens are limited specially for elderly people and children. One of the fastest growing tendency in Tehran is the designs of green roofs, or roof gardens, to create peaceful places on otherwise barren rooftop places. Landscape designers used to create the roof of building in order to decrease the lack of green spaces in Tehran. In this research, with regard to benefits and advantages roof garden and healing garden, the integration of these two garden in the rooftop buildings, can contribute to the health problems of the residents as well as providing ecological profits and ecosystem services. The goal of this article is to provide some factors and criteria which are essential to create healing gardens in the roof of the buildings in Tehran. To do so, roof gardens and their integration with healing gardens are analyzed and evaluated. The result of this article can be an initiative step for creating these kinds of spaces in the mega cities such as Tehran. Appropriate characteristics of these spaces planning and designing can be a valuable guide for landscape and urban planners to create roof healing gardens.

Keywords:

Healing gardens, Roof gardens, Planning, Landscape Architect,

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