NEZAHAT TURFAN, GAMZE SAVACI, TEMEL SARIYILDIZ

Türkiye’de Yayılış Gösteren Altı Ağaç Türünün Yapraklarındaki Kimyasal Bileşenlere Demir-Çelik Fabrikası ve Yoğun Trafiğin Etkileri

Öz Çalışmanın amacı: Ağaçlandırma, kentsel çevrenin kalitesinin artırılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak, hava kirliliği ağaçların gelişimini ve sağlığını etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada; demir-çelik fabrikası ve trafik kirliliğinin olduğu yerde bulunan altı ağaç türünün (Akçaağaç, Dişbudak, Servi, Karaçam, Çınar ve Kavak) yapraklarında kimyasal bileşenleri üzerindeki etkileri ve ayrıca bu ağaçların hava kirliliğine toleransı ortaya konulmuştur. Materyal ve Yöntem: Yaprak ve iğne yaprak örnekleri Nisan ve Temmuz aylarında toplanılmıştır ve örneklerde fotosentetik pigmentler, lipit peroksidasyon ve hidrojen peroksit seviyesi, enzimatik ve non-enzimatik antioksidant bileşikler ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar: Ağaçlara ait yaprak ve iğne yaprak örneklerinde kimyasal bileşenler miktarında istatistiksel olarak önemli değişimler olmakla birlikte, her bir kimyasal değer, kirletici tipi, zaman ve ağaç çeşidine göre farklı etkilenmiştir. Çalışmada, pigment, MDA, H2O2 ve APX değerleri Temmuz ayında daha düşüktür ancak CAT, SOD, prolin ve protein miktarı ise daha yüksektir. Akçaağaç trafik kirliliğine yüksek dayanım gösterirken, dişbudak ağacı her iki kirliliğe yüksek tolerans göstermiştir. Ağaçlar içerisinde kavak ağacı ise trafik kirliliğine duyarlı bulunmuştur. Araştırma vurguları: Bu sonuçlar gelecekte yapılacak olan çalışmalarda ağaç türlerinin hava kirliliğinin indirgenmesindeki rollerinin anlaşılması ve sağlıklı bir şekilde düzenlenmesinde kullanılabildiği gibi kentsel çevreye yararlı ormanların yönetiminde de kullanılabilinir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hava kirliliği, Kimyasal bileşikler, Yoğun trafik, Demir-Çelik fabrikası, Orman Ağacı

Effects of Iron-Steel Factory and Dense Traffic on Leaf Chemical Compounds of Six Tree Species in Turkey

Abstract Aim of study: Tree planting can play an important role in improving the quality of the urban environment. On the other hand, air pollutants can affect growth and health of trees. We studied the impacts of air pollution caused by the iron- steel factory and dense traffic on leaf chemical composition and also tree tolerance to the air pollution using six tree species (Maple, Ash tree, Cypress, Black pine, Sycamore and Aspen). Material and Methods: The fresh leaf and needle sampling was carried out in April and July, and analyzed for photosynthetic pigments, peroxidation level, hydrogen peroxide, enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Main results: Although there were statistically significant variations in the studied chemical compositions of the fresh leaf and needle samples between the six tree species, the pollution types and time, each chemical factor acted different ways with the pollution types and time according to tree species. In general, the pigment values, MDA, H2O2 and APX, concentrations in July were lower than those in April, whereas CAT, SOD, proline and protein concentrations in July were higher than those in April. Maple tree was more resistant to the traffic pollution, while Ash tree was more tolerant to both the pollution types. Among all trees, Aspen was found more susceptible to the traffic pollution Research highlights: The results could be used in the future research directions to improve our understanding of the role of individual tree species in air pollution reduction and also set up a healthy, well managed urban forest which can provide many ecological benefits to urban environment.

Keywords:

Air pollution, Chemical composition, Dense traffic, Iron-steel factory, Forest tree,

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