Pelin TAŞTAN, Güliz ARMAĞAN, Taner DAĞCI, Bijen KIVÇAK

Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus Ekstrelerinin Sitotoksik Aktivitesi

Amaç: Birçok Psephellus ve Centaurea türü antipiretik, antiinflamatuar, diüretik ve sitotoksik gibi önemli farmakolojik aktivitelere sahiptir. Endemik bir bitki olan Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus (Boiss.) Wagenitz, Elazığ, Türkiye’den toplanmıştır. Son günlerde kanserde terapötik amaçlar için bitki kaynaklı bileşiklerin kullanımına olan ilgi artmaktadır. Bir kanser türü olan karaciğer kanseri de tüm dünyada milyonlarca insanı etkilemekteyken, karaciğer kanserini tedavi etmek için herhangi bir yaklaşım son derece değerlidir. Bu çalışmada, insan karaciğer kanseri hücresi (HepG2) kullanılarak P. pyrrhoblepharus bitkisinin topraküstü kısımlarından hazırlanmış olan metanol:su (1:1), kloroform ve n-hekzan ekstrelerinin sitotoksik potansiyelini değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve yöntemler: 3-(4,5-dimetiltiyazol-2-il)-2,5-difenltetrazolyumbromit (MTT) metodu kullanılarak, insan karaciğer kanser hücre hatlarında (HepG2) farklı konsantrasyonlarda (50, 100, 200 ug/ml) MTT, farklı zaman noktalarında (6, 12, 24 s) çalışmalar gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Sitotoksisite ile ilgili olarak, farklı zaman noktalarında ekstrelerin maruziyetlerinin ardından hücre canlılığının azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, en yüksek sitotoksik aktivite, 24 saatte 100 ug/ml konsantrasyondaki kloroform ekstresinde gözlenmiştir. Bitkinin kloroform ekstresi, metanol:su ve n-hekzan ekstreleri ile karşılaştırıldığında 12 saatte 200 ug/ml konsantrasyonda en yüksek sitotoksik etkinliği göstermiştir. Sonuç: P. pyrrhoblepharus ekstrelerinin HepG2 karsinoma hücrelerinde doza ve zamana bağlı bir şekilde sitotoksik etki gösterdiği ileri sürülebilir. Genel olarak elde edilen sonuçlar, toksisite tehlikesi olmadan farklı uygulamalarda kullanılabilecek P. pyrhoblepharus ekstrelerinin eşik konsantrasyonları hakkında bilgi sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus, sitotoksik aktivite, HepG2, MTT

Potential Cytotoxic Activity of Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus Extracts

Objective: In Psephellus and Centaurea genuses a lot of species have important pharmacological activities like antipyretic, antiinflamatory, diuretic, cytotoxic etc. In Psephellus genus the endemic plant Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus (Boiss.) Wagenitz (Centaurea pyrrhoblephara) was collected from Elazığ, Turkey. Recently interest in use of plant-derived compounds for therapeutic purposes in cancer is increasing day by day. Liver cancer which is one of the cancer types is affecting millions of people all over the world. So any approach to treat liver cancer is extremely valuable. Materials and methods: We have purposed to determine the cytotoxic activity of methanol:water (1:1), n-hexane and chloroform extracts of the aerial parts of P. pyrrhoblepharus using human liver cancer cell (HepG2) by utilizing the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay in different concentrations (50, 100 ,200 µg/ml) and time points (6, 12, 24 h). Results: Regarding the cytotoxicity, cell viability was seen as decreased following extract exposures at three different time points. The highest cytotoxic activity was observed in 100 µg/ml concentrations of chloroform extract at 24 h. At 12 h chloroform extract of plant showed the highest cytotoxic activity in 200 µg/ml concentrations when compared to methanol:water and n-hexane extracts. Conclusion: It can be suggested that extracts of P. pyrrhoblepharus show dose-dependent and time-dependent cytotoxic effects in HepG2 carsinoma cells. In general, the results provide information about the threshold concentrations of P. pyrrhoblepharus extracts that might be used in different applications without the risk of toxicity.

Keywords:

Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus, cytotoxic activity, HepG2, MTT,

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