İ. Cüneyt BALCIOĞLU, Z. Ülgen OK, YUSUF ÖZBEL, Nogay GİRGİNKARDEŞLER, Ahmet ÖZBİLGİN

The in vitro Effects of Azithromycin and Clarithromycin on Promastigotes and Amastigotes of Leishmania tropica

Leishmania (L.) tropica, Türkiye'de dahil olmak üzere Eski Dünya'da kutanöz leishmaniasisden (KL) sorumlu en önemli türdür. KL tedavisinde intralezyoner ve intramuskuler yoldan beş değerlikli antimon bileşikleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır, fakat bu ajanlara karşı artan direnç alternatif ilaçların geliştirilmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, makrolid grubundan iki antibiyotik olan azitromisin ve klaritromisinin L. topica'nın RPMI 1640 besiyerindeki promastigotlar ve makrofaj serisindeki amastigotlar üzerine olan antileishmanial aktiviteleri değerlendirilmiştir. Azitromisin ve klaritromisinin promastigotlar üzerindeki ED50 değerleri sırasıyla 5 µg/ml ve

Leishmania tropica Promastigotları ve Amastigotları Üzerine Azitromisin ve Klaritromisinin in vitro Etkisi

Leishmania (L.) tropica is one of the most common species responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Old World including Turkey. The pentavalent antimonials are widely used as intralesional and/or intramuscular in the treatment of CL, but increase in resistance to these agents led to investigations on alternative drugs. In vitro antileishmanial activities of two macrolides, azithromycin and clarithromycin were evaluated on promastigotes in RPMI 1640 medium and amastigotes in macrophage series of L. tropica. ED50 values of azithromycin and clarithromycin were found to be 5 µg/ml and <5 µg/ml on promastigotes, and 50-75 µg/ml and <3 µg/ml on amastigotes, respectively, while ED90 values of the same drugs were 75 µg/ml and 25 µg/ml on promastigotes and 100 µg/ml and 10 µg/ml on amastigotes, respectively. Our data suggested that clarithromycin and azithromycin were effective on both L. tropica promastigotes and amastigotes in vitro. Clarithromycin was found to be more effective than azithromycin at lower concentrations on promastigotes and amastigotes. In vivo studies should be planned to detect intracellular concentrations of these drugs for the effective route and dosage

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