Kars yöresi buzağılarında Eimeria türlerinin yaygınlığı

Bu çalışma Kars yöresindeki buzağılarda eimeriosise neden olan türler ile bu türlerin yaygınlığını ve sahada rastlanılabilecek klinik vakaları değerlendirmek için planlanmıştır. Mart-Ağustos 1996 tarihlerinde 6 ay süreyle ve her ay değişik bir odağa gidilerek 6 aylığa kadar olan diyareli ve diyaresiz buzağıların rektumlarından dışkı örnekleri alınmıştır. Laboratuvarda doymuş tuzlu su kullanarak flotasyon metodu ile enfeksiyon durumu ve McMaster tekniği ile de gram dışkıdaki oocyst sayıları (OPG) belirlenmiştir. Coccidia türleri ile enfekte olan örnekler %2.5'luk potasyum bikromat solüsyonu ile karıştırılarak petri kutularına konup sporlandırılmış ve tür tayinleri yapılmıştır. Muayene edilen 260 buzağının 236 (%90.8)'nda coecidia oocyst'leri saptanmıştır. Eimeridae türleri ile enfeksiyon oranı erkeklerde %46.2, dişilerde %44.6 oranında bulunmuştur. Enfekte buzağılarda Eimeria alabamensis (%28.8), E. au-burnensis (%45.4), E. bovis (%47.7), E. brasiliensis (%5.4), E. bukidnonensis (%10.4), E. canadensis (%18.5), E. cylindrica (%10.8), E. ellipsoidalis (%25.8), E. illinoisensis (%1.9), E. subspherica (%13.1) E. zuemii (

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türkiye, buzağı hastalıkları, ishal, hastalık yaygınlığı, buzağı, koksidiyoz, karışık enfeksiyon, Kars, sığır, parazitler, dışkı, protozoa enfeksiyonları, epidemiyoloji, ookist, evcil hayvanlar, çiftlik hayvanları, Eimeria

Prevelance of Eimeria species in calves in Kars province of Turkey

This study was conducted to detect the Eimeria species and the prevalences causing eimeriosis and clinical cases in calves in Kars province o i Turkey. The faecal materials were obtained directly from rectum of the younger than six months calves without and with diarrhea. Every month going different places approximately 40-50 faecal samples were examined between March-August 1996. All the faecal materials were examined by flotation method using saturated salt solution and McMaster technique determining the infections and the number of oocyst in per gram (OPG). Additionaly, the infected materials with coccidia were sporulated in 2.5% potassium bichromate in petri dishes and then the Eimeria species were identified microscopically. Of the 260 calves, 236 (90.8%) harboured coccidia oocysts. The infection rates were found 46.2%) male calves and 44.6%' in the females. The identified Eimeria species and the prevalences were Eimeria alabamensis (28.8%), E. au-burnensis (45.4%.), E. bovis (47.7%), E. brasiliensis (5.4%), E. bukidnonensis (10.4%), E. canadensis (18.5%), E. cy-lindrica (10.8%.), E. ellipsoidalis (25.8%), E. illinoisensis (1.9%), E. subspherica (13.1%), E. zuernii (47.3%) and Iso¬spora sp. (1.5%). The pure and mixed infection rates were 18.5% and 72.3%, respectively. The other hand there was no infection in 9.2% of examined calves. The commenest mixed infections were observed that being 2 or 3 different Eimeria species. The number of species within positive faecal samples ranged from one to eight. OPG was changed between 50 and 237500 and the mean OPG was found as 6328 for an infected animals. The value of the OPG was significantly lower without diarrhea compared with diarrhea group (p<0.01). 43 out of 260 (16.5%.) examined calves were detected more than 5000 OPG and 12 cases of clinical coccidiosis were seen during the survey.

Keywords:

Turkey, calf diseases, diarrhoea, disease prevalence, calves, coccidiosis, mixed infections, Kars, cattle, parasites, faeces, protozoal infections, epidemiology, oocysts, domestic animals, livestock, Eimeria,

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