Genetik polimorfizm ve mikrosatelitler

Hayvan ırkları arasındaki genetik varyasyonla ilgili verilerin, birçok farklı kaynağı vardır. Günümüzde populasyon genetiği çalışmalarında mikrosatelitler daha yaygın kullanılmaktadır. Mikrosatelitler yani genomdaki kısa ardışık dizilerin tekrarları araştırılarak, genetik çeşitlilik ortaya konabilmektedir. Mikrosatelitler, genellikle dimer veya trimer gibi basit dizi motifleri içeren ve tekrarlayan genetik yapılardır. Populasyonlardaki genetik çeşitliliği ve populasyonların genetik yapısını yüksek doğrulukla ortaya koyabilmektedirler. Bu derlemenin amacı; genetik çeşitlilik yani polimorfizm ve polimorfizmin ortaya konmasında önemli genetik işaretleyiciler olan mikrosatelitler hakkında bilgi sunmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

genetik belirleyiciler, genetik polimorfizm, mikrosatellitler, akrabalık, populasyon genetiği, ırk, uydu DNA, teknikler

Genetic polymorphism and microsatellites

Data connected with genetic variation between animal races has many different sources. Recently, priority is being given to microsatellites. By studying microsatellites, that is to say short tandem repeats in genom genetic variation can be put forward. Microsatellites are repeating components those include simple serial motifs such as dimers and trimers. Microsatellites can put forward the genetic variation and structure of populations correctly. The aim of this review is to give concise information about genetic variation that is to say polymorphism and the microsatellites which are important genetic markers to expose polymorphism.

Keywords:

genetic markers, genetic polymorphism, microsatellites, parentage, population genetics, races, satellite DNA, techniques,

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