Özgecan AĞAOĞLU KORKMAZ, BİLAL AKYÜZ, BENGİ ÇINAR KUL, Nüket BİLGEN, Okan ERTUĞRUL

Genetic Polymorphism of Five Genes Associated with Meat Production Traits in Five Cattle Breeds in Turkey

Et verimi ile ilişkili olduğu bilinen birçok potansiyel gen vardır. Bu genler içerisinde yer alan; Calpain (CAPN1), Myostatin (MSTN), Calpastatin (CAST), Osteopontin (SPP1) ve Thyroglobulin (TG) genleri seleksiyonda et kalitesi ve verimini geliştirebilmek için kullanılabilir. Bu çalışmada, Zavot (n=60), Yerli Kara (n=59, YK), Güney Anadolu Kırmızısı (n=53, GAK), Boz Irk (n=60, BI) ve Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı (n=49, DAK) ırkı sığırlarda; CAST, TG, SPP1, MSTN ve CAPN1 genlerinin DNA polimorfizmleri değerlendirilmiştir. Genotiplerin belirlenmesi için polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ve restriksiyon parça uzunluk polimorfizmi (PZR-RFLP) kullanılmıştır. Restriksiyon enzimleri ile CAST, TG, SPP1 ve CAPN1 genlerinin her birinde 3 genotip ve 2 allel belirlenmiştir. MSTN geni ise monomorfik olarak bulunmuştur. SPP1 lokusunda beş sığır ırkında Hardy-Weinberg dengesinden (HWD) sapma gözlemlenmemiştir. TG lokusunda, Boz ve Yerli Kara ırklarında HW dengesinden önemli sapma gözlenmiştir. Boz ve Güney Anadolu Kırmızısı ırkları dışındaki ırklarda CAPN1 lokusunda HW dengesinden sapma olduğu belirlenmiştir. CAST lokusunun Yerli Kara dışında kalan dört ırkta HW dengesinde olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak; bu çalışmada incelenen beş yerli sığır ırkında MSTN geni hariç, diğer dört gende polimorfizm olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Türkiyedeki Beş Yerli Sığır Irkında Et Verim Özellikleri ile İlişkili Beş Genin Polimorfizmi

There are many potential genes that are known to be related to meat production and that can be used for selection to improve meat quality and production include Calpain (CAPN1), Myostatin (MSTN), Calpastatin (CAST), Osteopontin (SPP1) and Thyroglobulin (TG). This study evaluated Zavot (n=60), Anatolian Black (n=59; AB), South Anatolian Red (n=53; SAR), Turkish Gray (n=60; TG) and East Anatolian Red (n=49; EAR) cattle breeds, with the primary goal of investigating DNA polymorphisms of the CAST, TG, SPP1, MSTN and CAPN1 genes. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was employed to genotypes. Restriction enzymes revealed polymorphisms with 2 alleles and three genotypes of each CAST, TG, SPP1 and CAPN1 genes were determined in all breeds, while the MSTN locus was found to be monomorphic. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was not observed in the five cattle breeds on SPP1 locus. Significant deviation was observed from HWE in the TG and AB breeds on TG locus. Except for the TG and SAR breeds, genotype frequencies were not consistent with the HWE on CAPN1 locus. Four breeds were found at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium except AB breed for CAST locus. Consequently, this study has shown that genetic polymorphisms do not exist in the MSTN gene but do exist in the remaining four genes that were examined in five Turkish native cattle breeds.

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