Geçiş dönemindeki süt ineklerinin beslenmesi ll. bu dönemde görülen metabolik hastalıklar ve beslenme ile önlenmesi

Süt ineklerinde doğumdan önceki 3 haftadan doğumdan sonraki 3 haftaya kadar olan zaman geçiş dönemi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu dönemde ineklerin enerji ve besin madde ihtiyaçlarında önemli artışlar olmaktadır. Fakat yem tüketimindeki azalmadan dolayı ihtiyaçlar karşılanamamakta, negatif enerji ve besin madde dengesi oluşabilmektedir. Bu duruma bağlı olarak geçiş döneminde birçok metabolik ve enfeksiyöz hastalıklargörülebilmektedir. Söz konusu hastalıklarla beslenme arasında yakın ilişkiler bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede geçiş döneminde yaygın olarak görülen hastalıklar ve bu hastalıkların besleme ile önlenmesine yönelik bilgiler verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

abomasum, metabolizma, karaciğer fonksiyonları, lipit metabolizması, hipokalsemi, yem zenginleştiriciler, ödem, doğum sonrası dönem, doğum öncesi dönem, rumen, memeler, süt ineği, hayvan yemleme, asidoz

Feeding the transition dairy cow ll. metabolic disordes seen in this period and prevention through feeding

The transition period for dairy cows refers to the time from 3 week before calving to 3 week after calving. In this period, dairy cow imposes dramatic increases in requirement for energy and nutrients. However, due to the decrease in feed intake in this period can not satisfy these demand, and negative energy and nutrient balance may occur. Depending on these conditions, most metabolic disorders and infectious diseases can be seen during this period. There are close connections between the nutrition and these disorders. This review gives detail information on the diseases seen commonly at this period and on the prevention of these disorders through feeding.

Keywords:

abomasum, metabolism, liver function, lipid metabolism, hypocalcaemia, feed supplements, oedema, postpartum period, prepartum period, rumen, udders, dairy cows, animal feeding, acidosis,

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