Geçiş dönemindeki süt ineklerinin beslenmesi l. bu dönemde görülen Fizyolojik, Hormanal, Metabolik ve immunolojik değişiklikler ile Beslenme ihtiyaçları

Süt ineklerinde doğumdan önceki ve sonraki üçer haftalık dönem geçiş dönemi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Geçiş dönemi laktasyon dönemleri içinde en kritik dönem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Süt ineklerinin organizmasında geçiş dönemi süresince köklü değişiklikler oluşmaktadır. Bu dönemde besin madde ihtiyaçlarında önemli değişiklikler olmaktadır. Süt ineklerinde geçiş döneminde organizmada oluşan değişimlerin bilinmesi ve besin madde ihtiyaçlarındaki değişimlere göre besleme stratejilerinin uygulanması, bu dönemde görülen hastalıkların hafifletilmesi ya da ortadan kaldırılması, süt ve döl veriminin iyileştirilmesi ve kârlı bir yetiştiricilik için önem arz etmektedir. Bu derlemede söz konusu değişimlere yönelik detaylı bilgiler verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

lipit metabolizması, kalsiyum, süt ineği, enerji metabolizması, glukoz, meme bezleri, metabolizma, süt sentezi, mineraller, vitaminler, rumen, protein gereksinimi, doğum öncesi dönem, doğum sonrası dönem, besin maddesi gereksinimi

Feeding the transition Dairy cow l. physiologic, Hormonal, Metabolic and Immunogical changes and Nutrient requirement of Dairy cow during this period

Transition period is defined in dairy cows as the interval in-between the three weeks period before- and the three weeks period after the calving. It is currently recognised as the most critical period of the lactation cycle. Organism of dairy cows undergoes tremendous changes during this period. Yet, substantial changes occur on the nutrient requirement in this period. Knowing these changes at this period and feeding the cows accordingly is very essential for either alleviating or diminishing the metabolic diseases at this period and improving milk yield and fertility, and for profitable breeding. This review provides detail information on the changes concerned.

Keywords:

lipid metabolism, calcium, dairy cows, energy metabolism, glucose, mammary glands, metabolism, milk synthesis, minerals, vitamins, rumen, protein requirement, prepartum period, postpartum period, nutrient requirements,

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