Azadeh BOUSTAN, Mohammad GHADIMI, Hossein ABDI BENAMAR, Reza SEYEDSHARIFI, Nemat HEDAYAT EVRIGH, Jamal SEIFDAVATI

Erdebil Bölgesinde Farklı Ölçeklerde Süt Üretimi Olan Geleneksel ve Endüstriyel Hayvancılık İşletmelirindeki Risk Faktörlerinin Ekonomik Değerlendirmesi

Hayvancılık endüstrisinin temel amacı, ekonomik bir üretim sistemi olarak, performanstaki değişimler vasıtasıyla üretim verimliliğini artırmak ve ekonomik verimliliği geliştirmektir. Bu nedenle, evcil hayvanlar için genetik iyileştirme programlarının tasarlanmasında, üretim sisteminin ve performansını etkileyen faktörlerin ve sistemlerin karlılığının, yani gelirlerin ve maliyetlerin tanınmasına dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Piyasa likidite akışı ve ekonomik getirilerin tahmininde, biyoekonomik bir model kullanılarak, 2012-2016 yılları arasında Ardebil ilindeki geleneksel ve endüstriyel sığırların gelir ve maliyet verileri kullanılmıştır. Yönetim tipine göre beslenme metodu iki yönteme ayrıldı: geleneksel besleme (otlakta) ve endüstriyel besleme. Çalışmanın sonuçları, her iki sistemde de en yüksek gelir ve beslenme birim maliyetlerinin sırasıyla süt satışları ve beslenme maliyetleri ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Farklı seviyelerde süt üretimi (yüksek üretim, ortalama üretim ve düşük üretim) ve geleneksel sisteme sahip endüstriyel sistemler için yatırım riski seviyesi standart sapma kullanılarak sırasıyla 0.032, 0.078, 0.030 ve 0.013 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Bu rakamlar, geleneksel süt sığırcılığına kıyasla endüstriyel süt sığırlarında yüksek yatırım riskini gösteren orta getirilerle elde edilen ortalama sonuçlardan gerçek sonuçların sapma derecisini temsil etmektedir. Her iki sistemde de, en yüksek tahmini kısmi önem, üretim özellikleri ile ilişkiliydi, bunu sırasıyla hayatta kalma ve büyüme özellikleri takip ediyordu ve en düşük değer, üreme özellikleriyle ilişkiliydi.

Economic Evaluation in Traditional and Industrial Livestock with Different Levels of Milk Production in Ardebil Province with Emphasis on Risk Criteria

The main objective of the livestock industry, as an economic production system, is to increase production efficiency through changesin performance and to increase economic productivity. Therefore, in designing genetic improvement programs for domestic animals, itis necessary to pay attention to recognizing the system of production and the factors affecting its performance and the profitability ofsystems, that is, revenues and costs. For estimation of market liquidity flow and economic returns, using a bio economic model, data on therevenues and costs was used of traditional and industrial cattle in Ardebil province during the years 2012-2016. The nourishment methodbased on the type of management was divided into two methods: traditional nourishment (in pasture) and industrial nourishment. Theresults of this study showed that the highest share of revenue and costs of nourishment units was related to milk sales and nutritional costsin both systems respectively. The investment risk level for industrial systems with different levels of milk production (high production,average production and low production) and the traditional system were estimated to be 0.032, 0.078, 0.030 and 0.013, respectivelyusing standard deviation that these numbers represent the degree of deviation of the real result from the average result with mediumreturns which shows the high risk of investment in industrial dairy cattle compared to traditional dairy cattle. In both systems, the highestestimated relative significance was related to production traits, followed by survival and growth traits, respectively and the least valuewas related to reproductive traits.

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