BÖLGESEL AVANTAJ YARATMAK İÇİN KÜRESEL BİR STRATEJİ BÖLGESEL YENİLİK SİSTEMLERİ (BYS)

Çeşitli coğrafi düzeylerde Bölgesel Yenilik Sistemleri (BYS) üzerine çalışmalar giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, inovasyon kapasitesinin gelişmesinde mekânsal olarak bölgenin önemini ortaya koymaktır. İnovasyon politikalarının bölgeselleşmesiyle, belirli bir bölgenin/şirketin ihtiyaçları daha etkin bir şekilde ortaya konmakta ve alınacak önlemleri izlemek ve uygulamak kolaylaşmaktadır. Bölgesel avantaj yaratmanın ilk adımı bilgi üretimi, inovasyon ve girişimciliğin gerçekleştiği ortamları tanımlamaya başlamaktadır. Bu açıdan Bölgesel Yenilik sistemi yaklaşımı, bölgelerin inovasyon kapasitesi ve rekabet yeteneği üzerinde stratejik bir rol oynamaktadır. Yenilik sisteminin verimli bir şekilde işlemesine engel olabilecek sistematik aksaklıklar da söz konusu olabilir. Bu durumda kamunun müdahalesi sitemin geneline değil ilişkilerdeki aksaklıklara odaklanmalıdır. Bu anlamda devletin düzenleyici rolü, bölgesel bilgi altyapısının geliştirilmesi, dışsal bilgi kaynaklarına ulaşımın kolaylaştırılması, beşeri sermayenin niteliğinin arttırılması, kümelenmelerin desteklenmesi, yenilikçi aktörler arasında ağyapının kurulması ve desteklenmesi gibi süreç odaklı konulara yönelmelidir.

A "GLOBAL" STRATEGY ON CONSTRUCTING "REGIONAL" ADVANTAGE BY REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS (RIS)

Studies on regional innovation systems in various geographical levels aregradually increasing. The aim of this study is to reveal the importance of region spatially in the development of innovative capacity. By the regionalization of innovation policies, needs of a specific region or company are exhibited more effectively and it becomes easier tomonitor and apply the precautions to be taken. Creating a regional advantage starts with identifying the environments where knowledge production, innovation and entrepreneurship actualise. From this point of view Regional Innovation Systems (RIS) play a strategical role on competitive ability and innovation ability of regions. Systematic malfunctions than can prevent innovation system from operating efficiently can be in question. In this case the intervention of the public need to focus on the malfunctions in the relations, not to overall system.In this sense the regulatory role of the government needs to focus on process-based issues such as developing regional knowledge infrastructure, catalysing to access external knowledge sources, increasing the human capital quality, supporting clusters, establishing networks among innovative actors and supporting them.

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