Müslüman Ülkelerde Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Politikalarının Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Kadın hakları ve toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği konuları tartışıldığında, Batılı bilim insanlarının Müslüman ülkeleri birleşmiş tek bir kültür olarak görme eğilimleri vardır. Söz konusu eğilim ve savların sorgulandığı bu makalede, aynı zamanda, İslamiyet’i toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğine karşı kuvvetli bir engel olarak gören birtakım fikirlere de eleştirel bir yaklaşım getirilerek, Müslüman ülkelerde toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği politikaları arasındaki farklılıklar incelenmektedir. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada dünyadaki toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği politikalarının kapsamını ölçmek için oluşturulmuş yeni ve orijinal kadın politikası ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Bu ölçekler, 20 tanesi Müslüman olmak üzere toplam 84 ülkedeki toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği politikalarını, karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısıyla incelemeyi mümkün kılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın analizleri Müslüman ülkelerdeki toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği politikaları arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektir. Bunun yanında, bu çalışmanın sunduğu ampirik deliller, Müslüman ülkelerin Müslüman olmayan ülkelere oranla genel olarak daha kötü toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği politikaları ürettiklerini de göstermektedir.

Comparative Analysis of Gender Equality Policies in Muslim Countries

There is a common Western scholarly tendency to see Muslim countries as a uniformed culture when considering gender equality and women’s rights issues. This article analyzes the variance of gender equality policies between Muslim countries while questioning those arguments and the arguments that see Islamic religious heritage as one of the most powerful barrier to gender equality in the world. For this aim, this study uses new original scales of gender equality policies developed to measure the scope of gender equality policies around the world. These scales facilitated us to comparatively analyze gender equality policies in 84 countries, 20 of which are Muslim countries. Analyzes of this study demonstrates that there is a significant variance of gender equality policies between Muslim countries. Moreover, empirical evidence provided by this study also shows that Muslim countries in general adopts worse gender equality policies than non-Muslim countries.

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