Muna AL-FARSİ, Aissa Nasser KRİZOU, Mohammad Tala’t Ahmed AL-TARAWNE, Muthuraman SUBBİAH, Hafiz Zafar SHARİF, Abdul Mutalib LEMAN

ANALYSIS OF NEARLY ZERO ENERGY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN MUSCAT

The building sector is the largest consumer of the primary sources of energy worldwide. The most commonly used primary sources of energy to generate electricity are oil, coal, peat, shale, natural gas, nuclear, hydro, renewables, biofuels, and waste. The energy demand by the building sector is about 40% of the world’s energy production.Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) is the best solution recommended by the energy experts to reduce substantial pressure on primary sources of energy contributed by the building sector. There is a marginal gap between estimates made during the design stage and actual energy performance of residential buildings, primarily due to a lack of understanding of the factors affecting energy use and whole building simulations software limitations. The purpose of this research work was to conduct a comparative analysis of a predicted versus actual energy consumption of prototype Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) constructed at Higher College of Technology, Muscat. Hourly Analysis Program (HAP V4.2) was used to predict energy demand of NZEB at HCT and same size regular house in Muscat. PVWatts calculator was used to determining possible power generation by the PV system installed on the roof in the form of a canopy. The constructed house was tested for one month to perform multiple tasks as per competition requirements in which one of the major tasks was to produce onsite energy production by PV panel’s equivalent to the energy consumed by the house. The actual energy consumption results were compared with the simulated result and observed that actual energy demand of house was approximately 20% lower than that predicted by the simulation tool. The comparison of simulation results between NZEB and regular house indicated 61.24 % less energy demand of NZEB, mainly due to less HVAC load. The simulation result for BEI of NZEB showed 87.20 kWh/m2/year as compare to 225.1 kWh/m2/year for same size regular house. The simulated result obtained from PVWatts calculator for competition period and actual production of an installed PV system at the top roof showed a minor deviation of 0.73% only. It is also observed from the results during the competition period house exported 1221 kWh energy to the grid.

Keywords:

Zero Energy Buildings, Energy Consumption, Eco House, Energy Balancing,

PDF

___

[1] IEA, UNDP. Modernising Building Energy Codes to secure our Global Energy Future: Policy Pathway. 2013;70. Available from: www.iea.org [Accessed 10th March 2017]
[2] Kamal MA. An Overview of Passive Cooling Techniques in Buildings?: Design Concepts and Architect ural Interventions. Acta Tech Napocensis: Civil Eng Archit 2012;55(1).
[3] Zuha Maksood F, Achuthan G. Sustainability in Oman: Energy Consumption Forecasting using R. India n J Sci Technol. 2017;10(10):1–14. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i10/97008.
[4] Torcellini P, Pless S, Deru M, Crawley D. Zero Energy Buildings: A Critical Look at the Definition. AC EEE Summer Study Pacific Grove. 2006;15. Available from: http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy06osti/39833. pdf
[5] Banerjee R. Importance of Net Zero Energy Building. Int J Innov Res Adv Eng. 2015;2(5):141–5.
[6] Garde F, David M, Lenoir A, Ottenwelter E. Towards net zero energy buildings in hot climates: Part 1, new tools and methods. In: ASHRAE Transactions. 2011. p. 450–7.
[7] Workshop of APEC Nearly (Net) Zero Energy Building Roadmap.Available from http://www.apec.org/- /mediaAPEC/Publications/2018/12/APEC-Nearly-Net-Zeo-Energy Building Roadmap/2018_EWG_AP EC-NZEB-Road-study.pdf
[8] Marszal J, Heiselberg P. Zero Energy Building definition – a literature review: A technical report of subt ask A. Task40/Annex52. 2012; 1–16.
[9] ASHRAE.ASHRAE Vision 2020: Producing Net Zero Energy Buildings.Available from: https://www.as hrae.org/File%20Library/About/Strategic%20Plan/ASHRAE---Vision-2020-Report.pdf
[10] Torcellini P, Pless S, Lobato C, Hootman T. Main Street Net-Zero Energy Buildings?: The Zero Energy Method in Concept and Practice Preprint. 2010;(July).
[11] Baldwin C, Cruickshank CA. A review of solar cooling technologies for residential applications in Cana da. Energy Procedia. 2012;30:495–504. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.11.059
[12] Mugnier D, Fedrizzi R, Thygesen R, Selke T. New Generation Solar Cooling and Heating Systems with İEA SHC Task 53: Overview and First Results. In: Energy Procedia. Elsevier B.V.; 2015. p. 470–3. http s:/doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.149
[13] Kim JH, Kim HR, Kim JT. Analysis of photovoltaic applications in zero energy building cases of IEA S HC/EBC Task 40/Annex 52. Sustain. 2015;7(7):8782–800. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7078782
[14] Vonthoma E, Mosiman G. U. S. Department of Energy Zero Energy Ready Home Implementation. 2017 . https://doi.org/10.2172/1373344.
[15] Garde F, Lenoir A, Scognamiglio A, Aelenei D, Waldren D, Rostvik HN, et al. Design of net zero energ y buildings: Feedback from international projects. Energy Procedia. 2014;61(November 2008):995–8. h ttps:/doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.1011.
[16] Marszal AJ, Bourrelle J, Musall E, Heiselberg P, Gustavsen A, Voss K. Net Zero Energy Buildings - Cal culation Methodologies Versus National Building Codes. In 2016. p. 1–8.
[17] Sartori I, Napolitano A, Voss K. Net zero energy buildings: A consistent definition framework. Energy B uild. 2012;48:220–32. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.01.032
[18] RESNET. What is HERS Index?. 2014. p. 1–4. Available from: http://www.resnet.us/hers-index
[19] Rob S. e2 Homes.Winter Park Florida. DOE Home Innov Award 2013.Available from: http://www.buil dingamerica.gov/challenge PNNL-SA93080 January 2013
[20] Bolus R. Amerisips Homes: Custom Designed Residence Johns Island, SC. DOE Home Innov Award. 2 014;3. Available from: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2015/06/f22/DOE_ZEH_Amerisips_09- 20-14.pdf
[21] Carl Franklin Homes: L.C./Green Extreme Homes, CDC, McKinley Project, Garland TX.DOE Home In nov Award. 2015;3–6. Available from: https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/downloads/doe-zero-ener gy-ready-home-case-study-carl-franklin-homes-lcgreen-extreme
[22] Torcellini P, Pless S, Deru M, Griffith B, Long N, Judkoff R. Lessons Learned from Case Studies of Six High- Performance Buildings Lessons Learned from Case Studies of Six High-Performance Buildings. Report-National Renew Energy Lab US. 2006;(June).
[23] Attia S, Herde A De. Early Design Simulation Tools for Net Zero Energy Buildings?: a Comparison of T en Tools Design Process & Tools of Nzeb. Proc Build Simul. 2011;94–101.
[24] TRC: Oman Eco House Design Competitions Rules. 2014. Available from:https://ecohouse.trc.gov.om/e cohouse/about/rules/ [Accessed 17th Feburary 2017]
[25] Bob F. Approved LEED simulation software packages. Available from : http://energy-models.com/blog/ list-approved-leed-simulation-software-packages [Accessed 27th May 2018]
[26] Alalouch C, Saleh MS, Al-saadi S. Energy-Efficient House in the GCC Region.Procedia- Social and Be havioral Sciences 216 (2016) 736 – 743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.071
[27] Pérez-Lombard L, Ortiz J, Pout C. A review on buildings energy consumption information. Energy Buil d. 2008;40(3):394–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.03.007

Başlangıç: 2015
Yayıncı: YILDIZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Arşiv