YAKIT OLARAK AYÇİÇEK METİL ESTER KULLANILAN BİR DİZEL MOTORUNDA PERFORMANS VE EMİSYONUN İNCELENMESİ

Bu deneysel çalışmada, tek silindirli, doğal emişli bir dizel motorda alternatif yakıt olarak ayçiçek metil esterinin performans ve emisyonlar üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Biyodizel üretim yöntemi olarak transesterfikasyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayçiçek yağından elde edilen metil ester, No. 2D dizel yakıtı ile % 25, % 50, % 75 oranında karıştırılarak ve saf olarak test edilmiştir. Motorun performans ve emisyon karakteristiklerini belirlemek için testler, tam yük değişken devir şartları altında yapılmıştır. Dizel motoru üzerinde kullanılan yakıtların performans ve emisyon karakteristikleri dizel yakıtı esas alınarak karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırılmıştır. Deney sonuçları biyodizel yakıtının içerisindeki oksijen varlığı ile is ve CO emisyonlarının azaldığı, ancak NOx’ in biraz arttığını göstermektedir. Biyodizelin özgül yakıt tüketiminde bir miktar artış, motor gücünde ise azalma olmuştur. Egzoz gaz sıcaklığının No.2D dizel yakıtı ile benzer eğilim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyodizel, Ayçiçek yağı, Dizel motor, Egzoz emisyonu

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF A DIESEL ENGINE USING SUNFLOWER METHYL ESTER OIL AS FUEL

In this experimental study, the effects of the usage of sunflower oils, as alternative fuels, performance and exhaust emissions in a single and naturally aspirated diesel engine were investigated. The biodiesel was produced by a transesterification technique. Methyl esters obtained from sunflower oils were tested as diesel fuels, blended with 25 %, 50 %, 75 % of a No. 2D diesel fuel which was also used pure. In order to determine emission and performance characteristics, the engine was tested with full load-varied speed. Engine performance and emission characteristics of different fuels in a diesel engine were investigated and compared with the base diesel fuel. Observations showed that smoke density and CO emissions decreased with increasing oxygenate content in the fuels but NOx emissions slight increased. Biodiesels presented a slight increase in specific fuel consumption, but engine power decreased. The temperature of the exhaust gases is similar to No.2D fuel.

Keywords:

Biodiesel, Sunflower oil, Diesel engine, Exhaust emissions,

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