Elif OKUR, Sevilay HİNTİSTAN, Yağmur AKBAL

Solunum ve Kardiyak Sorunları Olan 65 Yaş ve Üzeri Hastaların İnfluenza, Pnömokok, Tetanoz, Herpes Zoster Aşılanma Özellikleri

Amaç: Bu araştırma, solunum ve kardiyak sorunları olan 65 yaş ve üzeri hastaların aşı özellikleri ile aşılanma oranlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırmanın örneklemini Temmuz 2018-Temmuz 2019 tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesinin göğüs ve kardiyoloji polikliniğine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri toplam 244 hasta oluşturdu. Veriler, hastaların sosyodemografik, hastalık ve aşılanma özellikleri ile aşılanma oranlarını belirlemek amacıyla hazırlanan “Yapılandırılmış Soru Formu” ile toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ortalama, standart sapma, sayı, yüzde ve ki-kare testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların sadece %11,1’i 65 yaş ve üzerinde uygulanması gereken aşıları bilmekte idi. Aşılanan hastaların önerilen sıklıkta aşı yaptırma oranları göğüs polikliniklerine başvuranlarda; influenza %26,2, pnömokok %7,4, tetanoz %23,8 ve herpes zoster %0,8’dir. Kardiyoloji polikliniklerine başvuranlarda; influenza %9, pnömokok %3,2, tetanoz %22,9 ve herpes zoster %0,8’dir. Sonuç: Hastaların influenza, pnömokok, tetanoz ve herpes zoster aşılanma oranları oldukça düşüktür. Bu nedenle solunum ve kardiyak sorunları olan 65 yaş ve üzeri hastaların aşılanma açısından izlenmesi ve aşılanma oranlarının arttırılmasına yönelik eğitimlerin düzenlenmesi önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yaşlılık, bağışıklama, aşılanma

Influenza, Pneumococcus, Tetanus, and Herpes Zoster Vaccination Status of Patients Aged 65 Years and Over with Respiratory and Cardiac Problems

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the vaccination status and rates among patients aged 65 and over with respiratory and cardiac problems. Methods: The sample of this descriptive and sectional study consisted of 244 patients aged 65 and over admitted to the chest and cardiology clinic at a state hospital in Turkey between July 2018 and July 2019. The data were collected using the “Structured Questionnaire Form” prepared to determine the sociodemographic, disease, and vaccination status and rates of the patients. Mean, SD, number, percentage, and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the data. Results: Only 11.1% of patients knew about the vaccines that should be administered to those aged 65 or over. The rates of vaccination at the recommended frequency of the patients who were admitted to the chest outpatient clinics were 26.2% in influenza, 7.4% in pneumococcus, 23.8% in tetanus, and 0.8% in herpes zoster and for those admitted to the cardiology outpatient clinics were 9% in influenza, 3.2% in pneumococcus, 22.9% in tetanus, and 0.8% in herpes zoster. Conclusion: Influenza, pneumococcus, tetanus, and herpes zoster vaccination rates of the patients were very low. Therefore, it is recommended to monitor patients aged 65 and over with respiratory and cardiac problems in terms of vaccination and organize training programs to increase vaccination rates.

Keywords:

Elderly, immunization, vaccination,

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