Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalarına Verilen İnhaler Eğitiminin Öz-Etkililiğe Etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, KOAH hastalarına üç farklı yolla verilen inhaler eğitiminin öz-etkililiğe etkisi araştırıldı. Yöntemler: Çalışma Aralık 2017-Kasım 2018 tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesinden 120 hasta ile ön test son test düzeninde yarı deneysel olarak yürütüldü. Hastalar eğitim yöntemlerine göre üç gruba ayrıldı. Veriler hasta tanıtım formu, inhaler kullanım kontrol listesi ve KOAH öz-etkililik ölçeği ile toplandı. Birinci gruba gösterip yaptırma, ikinci gruba video izletilmesi ve üçüncü gruba örnek eğitim materyali ile eğitim verildi. Her eğitim seansı sonrasında katılımcıların inhaler kullanımı gözlendi. Bulgular: Eğitim öncesi ve sonrası gruplar arası KOAH Öz-etkililik ölçek toplam ve alt boyutları ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında her üç grupta da eğitim sonrası öz-etkililik toplam puanı ve alt boyut ortalamasındaki artışın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu saptanmıştır (P < ,05). Eğitim öncesi ve sonrası inhaler puan ortalamalarına bakıldığında en düşük puan ortalamasının ölçülü doz inhaler kullanıcılarına ait olduğu bulunmuştur (1.grup: 5,8 ± 1,6, 2.grup: 5,1 ± 1,1, 3.grup: 5,0 ± 1,1) Eğitim sonrasında ölçülü doz inhaler, aerolizer, handihaler ve discus kullanım basamaklarında anlamlı artış olmuştur (P < ,05). Sonuç: KOAH' lı bireylere üç farklı yolla verilen inhaler eğitiminin öz-etkililik ortalamalarını arttırdığı ancak eğitim yolları arasında fark olmadığı saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

KOAH, inhaler, öz-etkililik

The Effects of Inhaler Training on Self-Efficacy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Objective: This study investigated the effects of 3 different inhaler use training methods on the self-efficacy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Methods: Between December 2017 and November 2018, a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest was conducted with 120 patients in a public hospital. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to their training methods. Data were collected using a patient information form, an inhaler use checklist, and the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Self-Efficacy Scale. The first group was trained using the show and perform method, the second group watched videos on inhaler use, and the third group was trained using a sample training material. After each training session, the participants were observed using inhalers to evaluate their performance. Results: The differences between the mean pretest and posttest Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Self-Efficacy Scale total scores and subscale scores of the groups were statistically significant (P < .05). In terms of the types of inhalers, the users of pressurized metered-dose inhalers had the lowest mean scores (group 1: 5.8 ± 1.6, group 2: 5.1 ± 1.1, group 3: 5.0 ± 1.1). There was a significant increase in the use of the pressurized metered-dose inhaler, Aerolizer, HandiHaler, and Diskus (P < .05). Conclusion: Inhalation training given to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients using 3 different methods increased their self-efficacy, but there was no significant difference between the training groups.

Keywords:

COPD, inhalers, self-efficacy,

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