Roma: İÖ 2. yüzyıl’da Ekonomik Değişim - Lüks Bir Ürün Olarak Mozaik Konteksti

İÖ 2. yüzyıl Roma ekonomisini anlamak, politik olarak Akdeniz Dünyası’nın bir bütün halinde önce RomaDevleti’nin etkisi ardından da yönetimi altındaki süreçte nasıl kaynaştığını anlamadan mümkün değildir.Akdeniz siyasi topraklarında, üzerinde yaşanan küreselleşmenin yanı sıra İtalyan Yarımadası’nda yaşanansosyal ve ekonomik alanlardaki büyük değişiklikler dikkate alınmaksızın, bu dönemin ekonomik tarihininoluşturulması imkansızdır.Bu bağlamda, fethetme süreci ile arazi mülkiyeti ve toprak işleme alanındaki değişiklikler arasında bir ilişkikurulması mümkün olmaktadır. İkinci bir ilişki, kentsel ve kırsal nüfus dağılımında meydana gelen derindeğişimler ile tüketim yapısı, Mısır tedarikinin kaynağı ve ekonomik dokudaki genel değişiklikler arasındakurulabilmektedir. Roma yöneticileri aracılığıyla gelen savaş gelirlerinin ekonomik önemi ve imparatorluksahasının yönetimi esnasındaki ekonomik etmenler konusunda da derin bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Lükseşyaya düşkünlüğe sebebiyet veren bu durum, kaliteli mozaik döşemelerinin bulunduğu zengin ev yapılarınınyaygınlaşmasını sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Roma ekonomisi, ekonomik karmaşıklık, elit yapılar, devlet maliyesi, lüks ve mozaik

Rome: Economic Change in the 2nd Century BC - The Context of Mosaic as a Luxury Product

To understand the Roman economy in the 2nd century BC is something that is not possible without being awareof the process of how the Mediterranean World fused into a political whole, first under the influence and laterunder the rule of the Roman State. Constructing the economic history of this period is not possible withoutconsidering the globalisation that occurred in the Mediterranean political realm, as well as the major changesin the social and economic spheres taking place in the Italian Peninsula.This context makes it possible to lay down a relationship between the conquering process and the changes thatcame about in the field of the land property and land cultivation. A second relationship may be establishedbetween the deep changes that occurred in the distribution of urban and rural populations and the consumptionstructure, the origin of corn supplies and the changes in the economic tissue in general. Further considerationis given to the economic significance of the proceeds coming from the war along with the revenues that Romanruling officials and economic agents obtained while administering the imperial domain. The appetite for luxurygoods that resulted from this process led in particular to the building of wealthy houses where fine mosaicpavements tended to be a common feature.

Keywords:

Roman economy second century BC, economic complexity, state finances, Infrastructures, luxury and mosaics,

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