Antibacterial Activity of Some Aromatic Plant Essential Oils Against Fish Pathogenic Bacteria

Essential oils of twenty-four plant species were obtained by hydrodistillation and investigated for their antibacterial effects against seven fish pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum, Yersinia ruckeri, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactococcus garvieae and Streptococcus agalactiae). The antibacterial activity results of the essential oils obtained by disc diffussion method showed strong activities against all pathogens. In general, whole essential oils except Artemisia absinthium exhibited strong antibacterial effects against the most of the fish pathogens. However, the essential oil of A. absinthium showed weak antibacterial effect against only A. hydrophila. Mostly seven essential oils of the plants (T. spicata, T. vulgaris, L. nobilis, C. verum, H. plicatum and A. citriodora Paláu) among twenty-four essential oils exhibited good antibacterial activity against all fish pathogens. When compared to the tested antibiotics (furazolidon, oxytetracycline, cephalothin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), the antibacterial effects of essential oils were mostly obtained equivalent or stronger. Considering the antibacterial activity results of the essential oils, their alternative use in lieu of antimicrobial agents against bacterial fish diseases might be convenient in the aquaculture.

Bazı Aromatik Bitki Esansiyel Yağlarının Patojenik Balık Bakterilerine Karşı Antibakteriyel Aktivitesi

24 adet bitki türünün uçucu yağları hidrodistilasyon yoluyla elde edildi ve 7 çeşit balık patojenine (Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum, Yersinia ruckeri, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactococcus garvieae ve Streptococcus agalactiae) karşı antibakteriyel etkileri araştırıldı. Uçucu yağların, disk difüzyon yöntemiyle elde edilen antibakteriyel aktivite sonuçları, tüm patojenlere karşı kuvvetli aktiviteleri olduğunu göstermektedir. Genel olarak, Artemisia absinthium dışında tüm uçucu yağlar, balık patojenlerinin çoğunluğuna karşı güçlü antibakteriyel etkiler göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, A. absinthium uçucu yağı, sadece A. hydrophila’ ya karşı zayıf antibakteriyel etki göstermiştir. Yirmi dört uçucu yağ arasından çoğunlukla yedi uçucu yağ (T. spicata, T. vulgaris, L. nobilis, C. verum, H. plicatum and A. citriodora Paláu) tüm balık patojenlerine karşı iyi antibakteriyel aktivite sergilemişlerdir. Test edilen antibiyotikler (furazolidon, oksitetrasiklin, sefalotin ve trimetoprim/sulfametoksazol) ile karşılaştırıldığında, uçucu yağların antibakteriyal etkileri çoğunlukla eşit veya güçlü olarak bulunmuştur. Uçucu yağların antibakteriyel aktivite sonuçları göz önünde bulundurarak, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde bakteriyel balık hastalıklarına karşı antimikrobiyal ajanların yerine alternatif olarak kullanımları uygun olabilir.

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