Hastanede yatan hastalarda malnütrisyonu etkileyen faktörler
Hastalık ilişkili malnütrisyon gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler için önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Günümüzde gelişmiş ülkelerde çeşitli nedenlerle hastaneye yatırılan hastaların %50’sinden fazlasında değişen derecede malnütrisyon vardır. Malnütrisyon morbidite ve mortalite ile yakın ilişkilidir. Organ fonksiyonlarındaki bozulma nedeniyle, hastanede kalış süresi, komplikasyon gelişimi, tekrarlayan hastane başvurusu, erken yaşta bakım kurumlarında yaşayan birey sayısında artışa ve azalmış yaşam süresine neden olmaktadır. Sonuç olarak; geriatrik yaş grubu, malignitesi olanlar, yoğun bakımda yatanlar başta olmak üzere hastanede yatan hastalarda malnütrisyon fazladır. Bu nedenle, hastaneye yatan tüm hastalar malnütrisyon riski açısından değerlendirilmeli, malnütrisyon saptananlara erken müdahale edilmeli, saptanmayanlarda da malnütrisyon gelişmemesi için gereken önlemler alınmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Malnütrisyon, yatan hasta, beslenme durumu
Factors affecting malnutrition in hospitalized patients
Disease related malnütrition is an important health problem for developing and developing countries. Today, in developed countries there is more than enough malnutrition in more than 50% of patients admitted to the hospital for various reasons. Malnutrition is closely related to morbidity and mortality. Due to deterioration of organ functions, the length of stay in the hospital, complication development, recurrent hospital admission, increase in the number of individuals living in early care institutions and decreased life span are caused. As a result; malnütrition is more prevalent in hospitalized patients, especially in geriatric age group, malignancy, intensive care unit. For this reason, all patients in the hospital should be assessed for risk of malnutrition, precautions should be taken to prevent malnutrition in those who have malnutrition detected early and those who are not identified.
Keywords:
Malnutrition, inpatient, nutritional status,
___
- 1. Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Austin P, et al. ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. Clin Nutr 2017; 3: 49-64.
- 2. Thibault R, Pichard C. Nutrition and clinical outcome in intensive care patients. Current Opinion Clin Nutrition Metabol Care 2010; 13: 177-83.
- 3. Chen CCH, Schilling LS, Lyder CH, A concept analysis of malnutrition in the elderly. J Advanced Nursing 2001; 36: 131-42.
- 4. Neelemaat F, Meijers J, Kruizenga H. Comparison of five malnutrition screening tools in one hospital inpatient sample. J Clin Nursing 2011; 20: 2144-52.
- 5. Brownie S. Why are elderly individuals at risk of nutritional deficiency? Int J Nursing Practice 2006; 12: 110-8.
- 6. Kondrup J, Allison SP, Elia M, Vellas B, Plauth M. ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002. Clin Nutr 2003; 22: 415-21.
- 7. Lochs H, Allison SP, Meier R, et al. Introductory to the ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: terminology, definitions and general topics. Clinical Nutr 2006; 25: 180-6.
- 8. Kiliçturgay S. Beslenme eksiğinin değerlendirilmesi ve uygulama endikasyonları. Turkiye Klin J Surg 1998; 3: 81-94.
- 9. Korfalı G, Gündoğdu H, Aydıntuğ S, et al. Nutritional risk of hospitalized patients in Turkey. Clin Nutr 2009; 28: 533-7.
- 10. Arends J, Baracos V, Bertz H, et al. ESPEN expert group recommendations for action against cancer-related malnutrition. Clin Nutr 2017; 36: 1187-96.
- 11. Charlton KE, Nichols C, Bowden S, et al. Older rehabilitation patients are at high risk of malnutrition: evidence from a large Australian database. J Nutr Health Aging 2010; 14: 622-8.
- 12. Weimann A, Braga M, Carli F, et al. ESPEN guideline: clinical nutrition in surgery. Clin Nut 2017; 36: 623-50.
- 13. Arends J, Bachmann P, Baracos V, et al. ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients. Clin Nutr 2017, 36: 11-48.
- 14. Löser C. Malnutrition in hospital. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107: 911-7.
- 15. Pirlich M, Schütz T, Norman K. The German hospital malnutrition study. Clin Nutr 2006; 25: 563-72.
- 16. Wakimoto P, Block G. Dietary intake, dietary patterns, and changes with age an epidemiological perspective. J Gerontol Series A: Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56:. 65-80.
- 17. Wilson MMG, Morley JE. Invited review: aging and energy balance. J Applied Physiol 2003; 95: 1728-36.
- 18. Feldblum I, German L, Castel H, et al. Characteristics of undernourished older medical patients and the identification of predictors for undernutrition status. Nutrition J 2007; 6: 37.
- 19. Pirlich M, Schütz T, Kemps M, et al. Social risk factors for hospital malnutrition. Nutrition 2005; 21: 295-300.
- 20. Naber TH, Schermer T, de Bree A, et al. Prevalence of malnutrition in nonsurgical hospitalized patients and its association with disease complications. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 66: 1232-9.
- 21. Kyle UG, Schneider SM, Pirlich M, Lochs H, Hebuterne X, Pichard C. Does nutritional risk, as assessed by Nutritional Risk Index, increase during hospital stay? A multinational population-based study. Clin Nutr 2005; 24: 516-24.
- 22. Isenring EA, Capra S, Bauer JD. Nutrition intervention is beneficial in oncology outpatients receiving radiotherapy to the gastrointestinal or head and neck area. British J Cancer 2004; 91: 447.
- 23. Süttmann U, Ockenga J, Selberg O, Hoogestraat L, Deicher H, Müller MJ. Incidence and prognostic value of malnutrition and wasting in human immunodeficiency virus-infected outpatients. JAIDS J Acquired Imm Deficiency Syndr 1995; 8: 239-46.
- 24. Alberino F, Gatta A, Amodio P, et al. Nutrition and survival in patients with liver cirrhosis. Nutrition 2001; 17: 445-50.
- 25. Galvão DL, Américo da Fonseca J, Godoy AD. Baseline variables associated with early death and extended survival on dialysis. Ren Fail 1998; 20: 581-7.
- 26. Lawson JA, Lazarus R, Kelly JJ. Prevalence and prognostic significance of malnutrition in chronic renal insufficiency. J Renal Nutr 2001; 11: 16-22.
- 27. Gariballa SE, Parker SG, Taub N, Castleden CM. Influence of nutritional status on clinical outcome after acute stroke. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 68: 275-81.
- 28. Mazolewski P, Turner JP, Baker M, Kurtz T, Little AG. The impact of nutritional status on the outcome of lung volume reduction surgery: a prospective study. Chest, 1999; 116: 693-6.
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 2018
- Yayıncı: MediHealth Academy Yayıncılık