Piriformis kasının anatomik varyasyon veya patolojilerine bağlı olarak siyatik siniri sıkıştırması sonucu oluşan klinik belirtiler Piriformis sendromu olarak adlandırılır. Piriformis sendromu siyatik sinirin tuzak nöropatisi olarak da tanımlanabilir. Piriformis sendromu bel ağrısı çekenlerin yaklaşın %6’sında altta yatan nedendir, nadir olmayan fakat az tanınan bir hastalıktır. Klinik belirtilerinin yanıltıcı olması nedeniyle, kolaylıkla gözden kaçar veya klinisyeni diskopati gibi yanlış patolojilere yönlendirir. Pyomiyozit genellikle abse oluşumuna ilerleyen iskelet kasının birincil piyojenik enfeksiyonudur. Piriformis kasının pyomiyoziti kaslarda ödem yaparak siyatik sinirde irritasyon ve kompresyona neden olur, bu durum piriformis sendromuna neden olabilir. Hastamız acil servise 5 gündür olan sağ kalçasında, sağ uyluk ve bacağında şiddetli ağrı, uyuşma ve ağrı nedenli yürüyememe şikâyetiyle başvurdu. Ateş yüksekliği dışında vital bulguları normaldi. sağ gluteal bölgede palpasyonla hassasiyet mevcuttu. Dış rotasyon ve iç rotasyon sırasında şiddetli ağrı hissediyordu. Radyolojik görüntüleme yöntemleri ile piriformis kası içinde apse tanısı kondu. Ortopedi kliniğine yatırılarak cerrahi olarak apse drenajı sağlandı ve komplikasyonsuz olarak taburcu edildi. Biz burada acil servise siyatalji şikâyetiyle başvuran priformis kası pyomyozitine bağlı priformis sendromu tanısı kunulan vaka sunulmuştur. Eğer piriformis sendromu, siyatalji düşünülerek acil klinisyenleri tarafından atlanırsa kişilerde ölümle veya maliyeti yüksek tedavi yöntemlerine sebebiyet verebilir.

A rare cause for sciatalgia: Piriformis syndrome

The clinical symptoms comprising piriformis syndrome emerge as a result of the compression of the sciatic nerve due to anatomical variations or pathological conditions related to the piriformis muscle. The underlying cause in 6% of cases of lumbar pain, piriformis syndrome might be also defined as entrapment neuropathy of the sciatic nerve. While piriformis syndrome is not rare, it is not well known. As the clinical symptoms may be misleading, it can easily be overlooked, or lead the clinician to an incorrect diagnosis (such as discopathy). In this report, our objective was to present the case of a 18-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with sciatalgia and received a diagnosis of piriformis syndrome caused by pyomyositis of the piriformis muscle. The patient arrived at the emergency department reporting severe pain and paresthesia in the right pelvis, thigh, and leg with the inability to walk due to pain. Vital signs were normal except for a high fever. Her Lasègue test was positive, and the patient had severe pain with both internal and external rotation. After radiological examination, the patient was diagnosed with an abscess in the piriformis muscle due to pyomyositis. It was determined that the cause of sciatalgia was piriformis syndrome, with the abscess in the piriformis muscle compressing the sciatic nerve. The abscess was drained after the patient was admitted to the hospital; the patient was then discharged without further complication. The need for high-cost therapeutic methods or even death may result in instances where piriformis syndrome is overlooked by emergency department clinicians, or when it is given the misleading diagnosis of sciatalgia.

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