Türkiye'de Kapsayıcı Eğitim Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Bu araştırmanın amacı, kapsayıcı eğitim araştırmalarının incelenmesi ve elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda uygulamalara ve araştırmalara yön verilmesidir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde Türkiye’de kapsayıcı eğitim alanında yapılan çalışmalar sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. 2009-2019 yılları arasında ulusal ve uluslararası hakemli dergilerde İngilizce ve Türkçe olarak yayınlanan makaleler araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Araştırma, çalışmaların yayın yılı, yayın dili, konusu, araştırma deseni, araştırmacıların alanı ve makalelerin kapsamına göre incelendiği nitel bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın verileri doküman incelemesi yoluyla toplanmıştır. Çalışmada, kapsayıcı eğitim hakkında yapılan çalışmaların son yıllarda artmaya başladığı, genellikle nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı ve daha çok özel eğitim alanındaki araştırmacıların kapsayıcı eğitim çalışmaları yaptığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Makaleler kapsam açısından incelendiğinde yapılan çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğunun tutum araştırmaları ve tanımlayıcı araştırmalar olduğu görülmüştür. Bu noktada Türkiye’de kapsayıcı eğitim ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların önceliğinin kuramsal bilgi üretmek ya da yapılmış çalışmaları inceleyerek yeni çalışmaların altyapısını oluşturmak olmadığını görülmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda öne çıkan eğilim kapsayıcı eğitime ilişkin olarak katılımcıların görüşlerini, tutumlarını ve algılarını ortaya çıkaran çalışmalar daha ön plandadır. Gerek ulusal gerekse uluslararası alanyazına katkı sağlamak için kuramsal ve alanyazın taraması araştırmaların daha fazla yapılması, kapsayıcı eğitim ile ilgili uygulamaların etkililiğini ortaya çıkarmak için deneysel araştırmaların planlanması yararlı olacaktır. Benzer çalışmanın farklı ülkelerde yapılması ve bulguların karşılaştırılması da konu ile ilgili uluslararası eğilimi ortaya çıkarması açısından alanyazına katkı sağlayacaktır.

A Study on Inclusive Education in Turkey

The purpose of this research is to examine inclusive education research and to guide applications and research according to the results obtained. Within the framework of this aim, the studies carried out in the field of inclusive education in Turkey were systematically examined. Articles published in national and international refereed journals in English or Turkish between 2009-2019 wereincluded in the research The research is qualitative research in which the studies are examined according to the publication year, publication language, subject, research design, the field of the researchers and the scope of the articles. The data of the study were collected through document review. In this study, it has been concluded that the studies about inclusive education have started to increase in recent years, generally, qualitative research methods are used and more specifically, researchers in special education field have made inclusive education studies. When the articles were examined in terms of scope, it was seen that the majority of the studies were on attitude and descriptive studies. At this point, it can be said that the priority of the studies related to inclusive education in Turkey is not to produce theoretical knowledge or to create the infrastructure of new studies by examining the studies done. In the studies carried out, studies that reveal the opinions, attitudes and perceptions of the participants regarding inclusive education were more prominent. In order to contribute to both national and international literature, it would be useful to conduct further research on theoretical and literature research and to plan experimental research to reveal the effectiveness of inclusive education-related practices. Similar studies will be conducted in differentcountries and the comparison of the findings will contribute to the literature in terms of revealing the international trend.

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