İshal Şikayeti ile Hastaneye Başvuran Çocuklarda Rotavirus ve Adenovirus Sıklığı

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hastanemize ishal şikayetiyle ayaktan başvuran ya da yatış yapılan çocuk hastalarda rotavirus ve adenovirus sıklığının belirlenmesi, cinsiyet, yaş ve mevsimlere göre dağılımının retrospektif olarak irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç-Yöntem: Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarına, 2021-2022 tarihleri arasında gelen, 0-18 yaş aralığındaki hastalara ait gaita örnekleri rotavirus-adenovirus açısından değerlendirildi. Rotavirus ve adenovirus antijenleri immünokromatografik kaset test yöntemi ile kalitatif olarak saptanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizde Ki-Kare testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: İki yıllık sürede rotavirus ve adenovirus antijen testi birlikte istenen toplam 1148 çocuk hastaya ait gaita numunesi laboratuvarımıza ulaşmıştır. 1148 hastanın %8.6’sında rotavirus, %5.1’inde adenovirus, %0.6’sında hem rotavirus hem de adenovirus antijeni pozitif saptanmıştır. Rotavirus ve adenovirus pozitifliği erkeklerde 7.2 ve %5.6, kızlarda 10.6 ve %4.5 oranında saptanmış, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Rotavirus en sık 3-5 yaş (%11.6), adenovirus ise 6-9 yaş (%8.4) grubunda tespit edilmiş, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır. Rotavirus en sık ilkbaharda (%12.9) saptanırken adenovirus kış (%8.1) aylarında tespit edilmiş, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Antijen pozitiflik oranı rotavirus ve adenovirus için sırasıyla ayaktan hastalarda %4.1 ve %4.9, yatan hastalarda %15.1 ve %5.5 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Rotavirus pozitiflik oranı yatan hastalarda ayaktan hastalara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek bulunmuş, adenovirus için iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda çocuklarda, özellikle beş yaşın altında, rotavirus ve adenovirusun önemli birer ishal etkeni olduğu, kış ve ilkbahar aylarında sıklıklarının arttığı, rotavirusun hastaneye yatışlara neden olduğu için aşısının rutin aşılama programına dahil edilmesinin hasta yararına olacağı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

rotavirus, adenovirus, ishal, çocuklar

Frequency of Rotavirus and Adenovirus in Children with Diarrhea

ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this study is retrospective evaluation of the frequency of rotavirus and adenovirus in stool, and their distribution according to gender, age and seasons in children with diarrhea admitted at outpatients or hospitalized in our hospital. Material and Methods: Stool samples of patients aged between 0-18 years received at the Medical Microbiology Laboratory between 2021–2022 were evaluated for rotavirus–adenovirus. Rotavirus and adenovirus antigens were determined qualitatively by immunochromatographic cassette test method. Chi-square test was used in the statistical analysis. Results: A total of 1148 stool samples of pediatric patients were received by our laboratory during these two years for rotavirus and adenovirus antigen test. Of 1148 patients, 8.6% were positive for rotavirus, 5.1% for adenovirus, and 0.6% for both rotavirus and adenovirus antigens. Rotavirus and adenovirus was positive in 7.2% and 5.6% of males, respectively, and 10.6% and 4.5% of females, and there were no statistically significant differences. Rotavirus was most frequently found in the age group 3-5 years (11.6%) and adenovirus was most frequently found in the age group 6-9 years (8.4%), with no significant difference. Rotavirus was most frequently detected in spring (12.9%) while adenovirus was found most frequently in winter (8.1%), without significant differences. Antigen positivity was 4.1% and 4.9% in outpatients for rotavirus and adenovirus, respectively, and 15.1% and 5.5% in hospitalized patients. Rotavirus positivity was significantly higher in hospitalized patients than outpatients, and adenovirus positivity did not show a significant difference. Conclusion: We found that rotavirus and adenovirus were significant agents causing diarrhea in children, especially those younger than 5 years old, and that its frequency increased in winter and spring, and as rotavirus is a cause of hospitalization, implementation of rotavirus vaccine into routine vaccination programs seem to be beneficial for patients.

Keywords:

rotavirus, adenovirus, children, diarhhea,

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