Muhammet Mesut Nezir ENGİN, Esra ÖZEN ENGİN, Recep ERÖZ, Gorkem DULGER, Hüseyin YÜCE

Epigenetik Düzenlemenin Kanser Üzerine Etkileri

Epigenetik DNA dizisindeki değişikliklerden kaynaklanmayan, ama aynı zamanda kalıtsal olan gen ekspresyon değişikliklerini inceleyen biyoloji bilim dalıdır. Epigenetiğin moleküler temeli karmaşık bir olaydır ve belli genlerin ne zaman ve nasıl aktive edileceğini belirler. Kanser, hücrelerin kontrolsüz bir şekilde çoğaldığı ve daha sonra yayıldığı bir hastalık olarak karakterize edilir. Kanser, genetik ve / veya epigenetik değişikliklerin birikmesinin neden olduğu multifaktöryel bir hastalıktır. Epigenetik mekanizmalar, DNA metilasyonu, histon modifikasyonları ve kodlanmayan ribonükleik asit regülasyonunu içerir. Epigenetik mekanizmalar tümör davranışını ve dolayısıyla klinik seyri etkiler. Tanı, tedavi ve prognozu belirleyecek bir biyobelirteç olması ileride birçok kanserin tanı ve tedavisinde kullanılmasını sağlayacaktır. Epigenetik mekanizmalar ile kanser arasındaki ilişkiye yönelik ileride yapılacak çalışmaların kanser tedavisi için umut olacağına inanıyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Epigenetik, Kanser, DNA Metilasyonu, Histon Modifikasyonları, Kodlanmayan RNA'lar

Effects of Epigenetic Regulation on Cancer

Epigenetics is the science of biology that studies gene expression changes, which are not caused by changes in DNA sequence, but are also inherited. The molecular basis of epigenetics is a complex phenomenon and determines when and how certain genes are activated. Cancer is characterized as a disease in which cells reproduce uncontrollably and then spread. Cancer is a multifactorial complex disease caused by the accumulation of genetic and/or epigenetic changes. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding ribonucleic acid regulation. Epigenetic mechanisms affect the tumor behavior and thus the clinical course. Being a biomarker that will determine the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis will enable its use in the diagnosis and treatment of many cancers in the future. We believe that future studies on the relationship between epigenetic mechanisms and cancer will be hope for cancer treatment.

Keywords:

Epigenetic, Cancer, DNA Methylation, Histone Modifications, Non-coding RNAs,

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