Potoglu Ismuhan ERKARA, Sevil PEHLİVAN, Süleyman TOKUR

Concentrations of airborne pollen grains in Eskişehir City (Turkey)

Pollen grains found in the air of Eskişehir were studied for two years (January 2000-December 2001) with a Durham sampler. During this period, a total of 47,082 pollen grains belonging to 45 taxa were recorded. Of these 45 taxa, 26 belonged to arboreal and 19 to non-arboreal plants, of which 19,141 were identified in 2000 and 27,941 in 2001. Of the total number of pollen grains, 81 % were arboreal and 18 % non-arboreal, while 1 % could not be identified. The majority of the investigated pollen grains as families came from Pinaceae, Chenopodiaceae/ Amaranthaceae, Cupressaceae, Gramineae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Oleaceae, Cruciferae, Compositae, Urticaceae, Ulmaceae, Cistaceae, Moraceae, with the genera being Salix, Quercus, Ailanthus, Fraxinus, Fagus, Populus, Platanus, Cedrus, Artemisia, Corylus, Plantago, Juglans, Acer and Carpinus respectively. Pollen concentrations reached their highest levels in May (54.36 %).

PDF

___

[1]. D'Amato , G., Spieksma, F Th M. 1990. Allergenic pollen in Europe, Grana, 30: 67-70.
[2]. Aytug, B. 1974. Pollen calendar for Istanbul, Turkey. Charpin J, Surinyach R. Atlas of European Allergenic Pollens. Paris: Sandoz Editions, 205-216.
[3]. Nilsson S, Palmberg-Gothard J. 1982. Pollen calendar for Huddinge (Sweden), 1973-1980. Grana, 21: 183- 185.
[4]. Lejoly-Gabriel, M., Leuschner, R. M. 1983. Comparison of air-borne pollen at Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium) and Basel (Switzerland) during 1979 and 1980, Grana 22: 59-64
[5]. Bousquet, J., Cour, P., Guerin, B., Michel, F.B. 1984. Allergy in the Mediterranean Area I. Polen Counts and Pollinosis of Montpellier. Clin. Allergy, 14: 249-258.
[6]. Koivikko A., Kupias R., Makinen Y., Pohjola A. 1986. Pollen seasons: Forecasts of the most important allergenic plants in Finland. Allergy, 41: 233-242.
[7]. Spieksma, F.Th. M., Frenguelli, G., Nikkels, A. H., Mincigrucci, G., Smithuis, L. O. M. J., Bricchi, E., Dankaart, W., Romano, B. 1989. Comparative study of airborne pollen concentrations in central Italy and The Netherlands (1982-1985) Emphasis on Alnus, Poaceae, and Artemisia. Grana, 28: 25-36.
[8]. Banik S, Chanda S, 1992. Airborne pollen survey of Central Calcutta, India in relation to college relation to allergy. Grana, 31: 72-75.
[9]. Inceoglu, O., Pınar, N. M. , Şakıyan, N., Sorkun, K. 1994. Airborne pollen concentration in Ankara, Turkey 1990-1993. Grana, 33: 158-161.
[10]. Bicakci, A., Inceoglu, O., Malyer, H., Sapan, N. 1996. Airborne Pollen Calendar of the Central Region of Bursa (Turkey). Aerobiologia, 12: 43-46.
[11]. Bıçakçı, A., Erken, S., Malyer, H. 1999. Airborne pollen grains of Eskişehir. 1st International Symposium on Protection of Natural Environment and Ehrami Karaçam, 315-322, Kütahya-Turkey.
[12]. D'Amato G, Spieksma F Th M, Liccardi G. 1998. Pollen related allergy in Europe. Allergy, 53: 567-578.
[13]. D'Amato G, Liccardi G. 2003. Allergenic pollen and urban air pollution in the mediterranean area. Allergy Clinical Immunol Inter, 15: 73-79.
[14]. Me Donald, M.S. 1980. Correlation of airborne grass Pollen levels with meteorological data. Grana, 19: 53- 56.
[15]. Spieksma, F.Th. M. 1990. Pollinosis in Europe: New observations and developments. Rev. Paleobot. Palynol., 64: 35-40.
[16]. Galan, C, Emberlin, J., Dominguez, E., Bryant, R. H., Villamados, F. 1995. A comparative analysis of daily variations in the Gramineae pollen counts at Cordoba, Spain. Grana, 34: 189:198.
[17]. Di-Giovanni, F., Kevan, P. G., Nasr, M. E. 1995. The variability in settling velocities of s©me pollen and spores. Grana, 34: 39-44.
[18]. Minero F J G, Morales J, Thomas C, Candau P. 1999. Relationship between air temperature and start of pollen emission in some arboreal taxa in South-western Spain. Grana, 38:306-310.
[19]. Norris-Hill J. 1999. The diurnal variation of Poaceae pollen concentrations in rural area. Grana, 38: 301-305.
[20]. Ribeiro H, Cünha M, Abreu I. 2003. Airborne pollen concentration in the region of Braga, Portugal, and its relationship with meteorological parameters. Aerobiologia, 19: 21-27.
[21]. Anderson, J. H. 1985. Allergenic Airborne Pollen and Spores In Anchorage, Alaska. Ann.-AUergy, 54: 390- 399.
[22]. Hansen B C S, Wright H E. 1987. The modern pollen rain of the North Dakota, U.S.A. Pollen Spores, 29: 167-184.
[23]. Davis, P.H. (Edt) 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Vol, 1-9, Edinburg University Press, Edinburgh.
[24]. Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R., Tan, K. (Edt.) 1988. Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands (Supplement). Vol. 10, Edinburg University Press, Edinburgh.
[25]. Güner, A., Özhatay N., Ekim T., Baser KHC. (Edt.) 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 11, Edinburg University Press, Edinburgh.
[26]. Ocak, A., Türe, C. 2001.The flora of the Meşelik campus of the Osmangazi university (Eskişehir- Turkey). The Herb-J Şist. Bot., 8 (2): 19-46.
[27]. Türe, C. and Bocuk H. 2001. The Flora of the Anadolu University Campus (Eskişehir-Turkey). Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology, (2): 83-95.
[28]. Yücel, E., 1992. Eskişehir'de Yetiştirilen Ağaç ve Çalıların Kentsel Ekoloji Açısından Değerlendirilmesi (1). A. Ü. Fen Edebiyat Fak. Derg., IV, 1: 93-118.
[29]. Charpin, J., Suriyanch, R., Frankland A. W. 1974. Atlas of European Allergenic Pollens. Sandoz Editions, Paris.
[30]. Romano, B., Mincigrucci, G., Frenguelli, G., Bricchi, E. 1988. Airborne pollen content in the atmosphere of central Italy (1982-1986). Experientia, 44: 625-629.
[31]. Romano, B., Mincigrucci, G., Frenguelli, G., Bricchi, E., Murgia, M., Cresti, M., Dominicis, V.D. 1986. Pollen Concentrations in Central Italy (Ascoli Piceno and Siena). Grana, 25: 215-220.
[32]. Lewis V H, Vinay P. 1979. North American pollinosis due to insect pollinated plants. Ann Allergy, 42: 309- 318.
[33]. Buck, P., Levetin, E., 1980, Hay Fever Plants in Oklohama. Ann. Allergy, 45: 2-32.
[34]. Eriksson, N.E., Wihl, J-A., Arrendal, H., Strandhede, S-O. 1984. Tree Pollen allergy. Allergy, 39: 610-617.
[35]. Bousquet, J., Hewitt B., Guerin, B., Dehivert H., Michel, F.B. 1986. Allergy in the Mediterranean Area II. Cross allergenicity among Urticaceae pollens (Parietaria and Urtica). Clin. Allergy, 16: 57-64.
[36]. Gioulekas, D., Chatzigeorgiou, G., Lylogiannis, S., Papakosta, D., Mpalafoutis, C, Spieksma, F.Th. M. 1991. Olea europea 3-year Pollen record in the area of Thessaloniki, Greece and its sensitizing significance. Aerobiologia, 7: 57-61.
[37]. Bousquet, J., Guerin, B., Hewitt B., Lim S., Michel, F.B. 1985. Allergy in the Mediterranean Area III. Cross reactivity among Oleaceae pollens. Clin. Allergy, 15: 439-448.
[38]. Jager S, Spieksma F Th M, Nolard N. 1991. Fluctations and trends in airborne concentrations ofsome abundant pollen types, monitored at Vienna, Leiden and Brussels. Grana, 30: 309-312.
[39]. Kosiski S E, Carpenter G B. 1997. Predominant tree aerolallergens of the Washington, DC area: a six year survey (1989-1994). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 78:381-393.
[40]. Hallsdottir M. 1999. Birch pollen abundance in Reykjavik, Iceland. Grana, 38: 368-373.
[41]. Nitiu D S, Mallo C A. 2002. Incidence of allergenic pollen of Acer ssp., Fraxinus ssp., and Platanus spp., in the city of La Plata, Argentina: preliminary results. Aerobiologia, 18: 65-71.